| Solutions |
Normality, molality, molarity, mole fraction, solubility of gases in liquids (Henry’s Law), Raoult’s Law for volatile solutes and nonvolatile solutes, colligative properties, osmotic pressure, abnormal molecular mass, Van’t Hoff factor |
25 |
| Electrochemistry |
Electrolytic and electrochemical cells, electromotive force (emf) of a cell, Nernst equation and its application to chemical cells, relation between Gibbs energy change and emf of a cell, Kohlrausch's Law of electrolysis and Faraday’s Laws of electrolysis, Galvanic cells |
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| Chemical Kinetics |
Rate of a reaction, factors affecting rate of reaction, rate law and specific rate constant, integrated rate equations and half-life, concept of threshold and activation energy, Arrhenious equation, law of mass action |
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| d and f-Block Elements |
Position in the periodic table, transition metals, general trends in properties of the 3d-series of transition metals, preparation and properties of K2Cr2O7 and KMnO4, Lanthanoids and actinoids |
14 |
| Coordination Compounds |
Definition of ligands, coordination number, isomerism, Werner's theory, VBT and CFT, valence bond theory of coordination compounds, crystal field theory, stability of coordination compound |
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| Haloalkanes and Haloarenes |
Nature of C–X bond, nomenclature, substitution reactions, uses and environmental effects of - dichloromethane, trichloromethane, tetrachloromethane, iodoform, freons and DDT, nucleophilic substitution reactions, elimination reaction (Saytzeff’s rule), Wurtz’s reaction, Grignard’s reagent preparation, Chloroform and iodoform, structure of freons, preparation of haloarenes by Sandmeyer’s and Gattermann’s reaction, by electrophilic substitution |
31 |
| Alcohols, Phenols, and Ethers |
Alcohol – Classification, general formula, structure and nomenclature, methods of preparation, physical and chemical properties (of primary alcohols only), identification of primary, secondary and tertiary alcohols, mechanism of dehydration, uses with special reference to methanol and ethanol |
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Phenols – Classification and nomenclature, methods of preparation, physical and chemical properties, acidic nature of phenol, electrophilic substitution reactions, uses of phenols, preparation of phenol from diazonium salt, chlorobenzene (Dow’s process), manufacture from Cumene, Bromination, nitration and sulphonation (Electrophilic substitution reactions), Kolbe’s reaction (formation of salicylic acid), Reimer – Tiemann reaction |
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Aliphatic Ethers – General formula, structure and nomenclature, methods of preparation, physical and chemical properties, uses, Williamson’s synthesis |
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Aryl Ethers – Physical properties, preparation of anisole (Williamson’s synthesis), electrophilic substitution (halogenation, nitration and Friedel-Crafts reaction) |
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| Aldehydes, Ketones, and Carboxylic Acids |
Aldehydes and Ketones – Nomenclature, structure of methods of preparation of aldehydes and ketones, physical and chemical properties, mechanism of nucleophilic addition, reactivity of alpha hydrogen in aldehydes and uses, aromatic aldehyde (Benzaldehyde) lab preparation from toluene by oxidation with chromyl chloride |
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Carboxylic Acids – Classification, general formula and structure of carboxylic group, nomenclature, acidic nature, methods of preparation, physical and chemical properties and uses, classification of mono and di carboxylic acids with examples |
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| Organic Compounds containing Nitrogen |
Aliphatic Amines – General formula and, classification of amines, structure of the amino group, nomenclature, methods of preparation, physical and chemical properties, uses, identification of primary, secondary and tertiary amines |
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Aniline – Preparation reduction of nitrobenzene, physical properties, chemical properties, Cyanides and Isocyanides, diazonium salts |
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| Biomolecules |
Carbohydrates – Definition, classification (aldoses and ketoses), monosaccahrides (glucose and fructose), D-L configuration oligosaccharides (sucrose, lactose, maltose), polysaccharides (starch, cellulose, glycogen), importance of carbohydrates, test for glucose and fructose, disaccharides – structures of sucrose, maltose and lactose (glycosidic linkage), polysaccharides – starch, cellulose, glycogen |
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Proteins – structural units of proteins, basic idea of - amino acids, peptide bond, polypeptides, proteins, structure of proteins - primary, secondary, tertiary structure and quaternary structures (qualitative idea only), denaturation of proteins, enzymes, hormones - elementary idea only |
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Vitamins A, B, C, D, E and K: classification (fat soluble and water soluble), deficiency diseases |
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Nucleic Acids – DNA and RNA |
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