Malic Acid: Structure, Properties and Uses

Malic acid has the molecular formula of C4H6O5 and is a dicarboxylic acid. The salts of malic acid are known as malates. It is commonly used as a food additive due to this property. Living organisms naturally produce it and also used as a food additive to contribute a sour taste to fruits. This dicarboxylic acid comes in two stereoisomeric forms (L- and D-enantiomers) but only the L-isomer is found in nature. The salts and esters of this acid are known as malates, which form an intermediate stage in the citric acid cycle. The term 'malic' originated from Latin word 'malum' which translates to 'apple' - referencing the Malus family that includes apples and crabapples.

Malic Acid Structural Formula

Malic Acid Malate Biochemistry

Also Check - Discovery of Proton Formula

Synthesis of Malate and Malic Acid

Malic Acid Purpose

Also Check - Molar Volume formula

Malic Acid Uses

• Malic acid is commonly used as an acidulant to provide a tart or sour flavor in sour candies, fruit-flavored beverages, and some dairy products.
• In fruit juices, fruit-flavored snacks, and carbonated beverages, it enhances the natural fruit flavor.
• The pH of foods and beverages can be adjusted with malic acid, ensuring they remain stable and safe to consume.

• It is sometimes included in dietary supplements because of its potential health benefits, including energy production and muscle function support.
• Some pharmaceuticals and active ingredients are synthesized using malic acid as a precursor.