CBSE Class 10 Science Syllabus 2026–27 PDF Download: Chapter-wise Topics & Marks Distribution

Unit I: Chemical Substances – Nature and Behaviour (25 Marks)

Topics:

1. Chemical Reactions and Equations

   • Chemical reactions and equations

   • Balanced chemical equation

   • Types of chemical reactions:

     • Combination

     • Decomposition

     • Displacement

     • Double displacement

     • Precipitation

     • Endothermic and exothermic reactions

   • Oxidation and reduction

2. Acids, Bases and Salts

   • Definitions (in terms of H⁺ and OH⁻ ions)

   • Indicators

   • Chemical properties and uses

   • Neutralization

   • Concept of pH scale (logarithmic explanation not required)

   • Importance of pH in everyday life

   • Preparation and uses of:

     • Sodium Hydroxide (NaOH)

     • Bleaching powder

     • Baking soda

     • Washing soda

     • Plaster of Paris

3. Metals and Non-metals

   • Properties of metals and non-metals

   • Reactivity series

   • Formation and properties of ionic compounds

   • Basic metallurgical processes

   • Corrosion and its prevention

4. Carbon and its Compounds

   • Covalent bonds: Formation and properties

   • Versatile nature of carbon

   • Hydrocarbons: Saturated and unsaturated

   • Homologous series

   • Nomenclature of:

     • Alkanes

     • Alkenes

     • Alkynes

     • Carbon compounds with functional groups (halogens, alcohol, ketones, aldehydes)

   • Chemical properties of carbon compounds:

     • Combustion

     • Oxidation

     • Addition

     • Substitution

   • Ethanol and ethanoic acid (properties and uses)

   • Soaps and detergents

Unit II: World of Living (25 Marks)

Topics:

1. Life Processes

   • Characteristics of living beings

   • Nutrition

   • Respiration

   • Transport

   • Excretion (in plants and animals)

2. Control and Coordination

   • Tropic movements in plants

   • Plant hormones (introduction)

   • Nervous system in animals:

     • Voluntary, involuntary, and reflex actions

   • Chemical coordination: Animal hormones

3. Reproduction

   • Reproduction in animals and plants (asexual and sexual)

   • Reproductive health

   • Family planning: Needs and methods

   • Safe sex vs. HIV/AIDS

   • Childbearing and women’s health

4. Heredity and Evolution

   • Heredity and Mendel’s contribution

   • Laws for inheritance of traits

   • Sex determination (brief introduction)

Unit III: Natural Phenomena (12 Marks)

Topics:

1. Reflection of Light

   • Curved surfaces (spherical mirrors)

   • Images formed by spherical mirrors

   • Centre of curvature, principal axis, focus, focal length

   • Mirror formula (no derivation)

   • Magnification

2. Refraction of Light

   • Laws of refraction

   • Refractive index

   • Refraction through spherical lenses

   • Image formation

   • Lens formula (no derivation)

   • Magnification

   • Power of a lens

3. The Human Eye

   • Working of the human eye

   • Defects of vision and their correction

4. Prism and Light Dispersion

   • Refraction through a prism

   • Dispersion of light

   • Scattering of light

   • Applications in daily life (excluding color of the sun at sunrise and sunset)

Unit IV: Effects of Current (13 Marks)

Topics:

1. Electric Current

   • Potential difference

   • Ohm’s law

   • Resistance and resistivity

   • Factors affecting resistance

   • Series and parallel combination of resistors

   • Applications in daily life

2. Heating Effect of Electric Current

   • Applications in daily life

   • Electric power

   • Relationships between P, V, I, and R

3. Magnetic Effects of Current

   • Magnetic field and field lines

   • Field due to:

     • A current-carrying conductor

     • A coil or solenoid

   • Force on current-carrying conductor

   • Fleming’s Left Hand Rule

   • Direct and alternating current

   • Frequency of AC

   • Advantages of AC over DC

   • Domestic electric circuits

Unit V: Natural Resources (5 Marks)

Topics:

1. Our Environment

   • Ecosystem

   • Environmental problems

   • Ozone depletion

   • Waste production and solutions

   • Biodegradable and non-biodegradable substances

CBSE Class 10 Science Practical and Internal Assessment (20 Marks)

The CBSE Class 10 Science practical and internal assessment carry 20 marks. Below is the structure of the internal assessment system, along with the list of important practical activities prescribed for 2026–27:

CBSE Class 10 Science Practical and Internal Assessment (20 Marks)
CBSE science class 10 syllabus practical	Marks
Periodic Assessment	05+ 05
Subject Enrichment (Practical Work)	5
Portfolio	5

CBSE Class 10 Science Syllabus PDF Download 2026–27

The CBSE Class 10 Science Syllabus 2026–27 PDF has been officially released by the Central Board of Secondary Education. Referring to the latest syllabus is crucial for effective board exam preparation, as it helps students focus on prescribed chapters, understand unit-wise weightage, and prioritize important topics likely to appear in the final exam.

For students gearing up for the board exams, we have provided the direct link below to download the official CBSE Science syllabus for class 10 PDF 2026–27.