HMPV Virus, Cases In India, Prevention
HMPV virus cases in India have been reported by ICMR, raising health concerns. The HMPV virus outbreak was reported in China’s northern provinces.
Deeksha Dixit7 Jan, 2025
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HMPV virus has been confirmed in India with two cases being reported in Karnataka by the Indian Council of Medical Research (ICMR) . Reports have indicated three more cases in Tamil Nadu and Gujarat respectively. These cases, involving infants with respiratory symptoms, have drawn public attention and concern.
Human metapneumovirus (HMPV) is a respiratory viru s that was first identified in 2001. Keep reading to know the status of the HMPV virus in India, its symptoms, transmission, and rising cases.HMPV Virus Cases in India
Recently, the ICMR confirmed two cases of the HMPV virus in Karnataka during routine surveillance for various respiratory viral pathogens. The affected patients, an 8-month-old boy and a 3-month-old girl were diagnosed with bronchopneumonia caused by human metapneumovirus. While the younger infant has been discharged from Baptist Hospital Bangalor e, the older child continues to recover (PIB). Later, three more cases were identified as per media reports. Globally, the HMPV virus has been on the rise, with reports of increased hospitalizations among children. Although HMPV in India is in its early stages of detection, health authorities stress the importance of vigilance.What is HMPV Virus?
The HMPV Virus full form is ‘Human Metapneumovirus (HMPV) ’, it is an RNA virus first identified in 2001. It primarily targets the respiratory system, causing illnesses ranging from mild colds to severe conditions like pneumonia and bronchiolitis. Here are some key facts about HMPV:- Predominantly affects children under five, the elderly, and those with weakened immunity.
- HMPV virus spreads from surface to person or person to person .
- Causes complications, especially in first-time infections.
- Similar to other respiratory infections, such as COVID and RSV (Respiratory Syncytial Virus).
- There is no specific treatment for this virus.
- Prevention includes washing hands, disinfecting surfaces, and staying home when feeling unwell.
HMPV Virus Symptoms
HMPV virus symptoms usually appear within 3-6 days after exposure. Symptoms associated with HMPV can vary widely but typically include:- Cough : Persistent and may produce mucus.
- Fever: Usually mild to moderate.
- Nasal Congestion: Runny or blocked nose.
- Sore Throat: Common among infected individuals.
- Wheezing or Shortness of Breath: More frequent in severe cases.
How is HMPV Transmitted?
The awareness of the HMPV virus in India is crucial and understanding transmission can aid in controlling the virus's spread. HMPV spreads through:- Respiratory Droplets: Released when an infected person coughs or sneezes.
- Direct Contact: Close personal contact with an infected individual.
- Contaminated Surfaces : Objects like toys, doorknobs, or surfaces touched by an infected person.
- Airborne Transmission : Can occur in poorly ventilated enclosed spaces.
HMPV Virus Outbreak
Recent reports indicate a surge in HMPV virus cases in China , particularly among children under 14 years old. Many of these cases have led to severe respiratory illnesses like pneumonia, often requiring hospitalization. As with other respiratory viruses, such as COVID, vigilance during winter and spring months is essential.HMPV Mortality Rate
HMPV can be fatal for people with existing health problems. A 2021 study in Lancet Global Health found that about one percent of deaths from severe lung infections in children under five are linked to HMPV. As there is no vaccine or specific treatment for the virus, doctors mainly focus on relieving symptoms. This highlights the potential severity of HMPV, particularly for vulnerable populations.HMPV Virus Prevention
Since there is no vaccine, it is essential to follow precautionary measures to prevent the spread of Human Metapneumovirus (HMPV). Effective prevention strategies include:- Practice Good Hygiene: Wash hands with soap for 20 seconds and avoid touching your face.
- Avoid Close Contact: Stay away from sick individuals and crowded places.
- Disinfect Surfaces: Regularly clean high-touch surfaces.
- Wear Masks: Use masks in crowded or enclosed spaces, especially during outbreaks.
- Isolate When Sick: Stay home and cover your mouth when coughing or sneezing to prevent spreading the virus.
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HMPV Virus FAQs
Is there any case of HMPV in India?
Yes, five cases have been detected so far which are attributed to the HMPV virus.
What is Human Metapneumovirus (HMPV)?
HMPV is a respiratory virus that causes illnesses ranging from mild cold-like symptoms to severe respiratory infections.
Is HMPV a serious disease?
While many cases are mild, HMPV can lead to severe complications in vulnerable populations such as infants and the elderly. A study indicated around a 1% mortality rate.
How does HMPV spread?
It spreads through respiratory droplets from coughing or sneezing, direct contact with infected individuals, and touching contaminated surfaces.
Are there any vaccines available for HMPV?
Currently, there are no vaccines specifically for the HMPV virus.
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