National Commission for Scheduled Castes (NCSC)
The National Commission for Scheduled Castes (NCSC) was established under Article 338 of the Constitution. Learn all about the NCSC, its role, powers, and significance in India.
Deeksha Dixit13 Nov, 2024
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The National Commission for Scheduled Castes (NCSC) is a constitutional body established to safeguard the rights and interests of Scheduled Castes (SC) in India. It comes under the Ministry of Social Justice & Empowerment. NCSC ensures that Scheduled Castes receive adequate representation and protection against exploitation, promoting their economic, social, and educational growth.
For UPSC aspirants, understanding the National Commission for Scheduled Castes is essential, especially its functions, powers, and historical background to answer questions in the Polity and Governance section of the exam. Keep reading to learn about it!NCSC Full Form
The NCSC stands for the
National Commission for Scheduled Castes
, reflecting its primary responsibility to monitor and protect the interests of Scheduled Castes in India. Established through Article 338 of the Indian Constitution, this body ensures
social and economic justice for SCs
, addressing issues like discrimination and underrepresentation.
In simple terms, the National Commission for Scheduled Castes is a watchdog that ensures the Scheduled Castes are treated fairly and that their rights are not violated by any institution or individual.
| National Commission for Scheduled Caste | |
| Constitutional Provision | Article 338 |
| Chairman | Shri Kishor Makwana (current) |
| Composition | Chairperson, Vice-Chairperson, and three other members. |
| Appointment | Appointed by the President |
| Tenure | 3 years |
| Post-Tenure Appointment | Not eligible for more than two terms. |
| Reporting | Annual reports to the President |
What is National Commission for Scheduled Castes?
The National Commission for Scheduled Castes (NCSC) is a Constitutional body in India established to monitor and safeguard the interests of Scheduled Castes. As per Article 338 of the Indian Constitution, the commission is responsible for investigating and evaluating issues related to the SC community, ensuring that policies and laws are implemented effectively. Its main focus is on protecting SC rights and overseeing the implementation of policies related to their socio-economic development. The NCSC reports to the President of India annually, recommending steps to improve SC conditions in various sectors, including education, employment, and healthcare.| What Are Scheduled Castes? "Scheduled Castes" (SCs) is a term used in India to refer to historically marginalized and socially disadvantaged communities that have been officially recognized by the Indian government. The government maintains a list (called the "Schedule") of castes that are considered as Scheduled Castes, and individuals belonging to these castes are eligible for certain reservations or quotas in education, employment, and political representation. |
Constitutional Provisions for NCSC
The Constitutional basis of the NCSC lies in Article 338 , which outlines the formation of the National Commission for Scheduled Castes, its powers, and its functions. It directs the President to establish a Commission that will have the authority to investigate and monitor the constitutional safeguards for SCs. Initially, the provision called for a “ Special Officer” to oversee SC and ST affairs. However, with the 65th Constitutional Amendment Act of 1990, Article 338 was expanded to create a high-level commission for SCs and STs. Subsequently, the 89th Amendment Act of 2003 bifurcated this body into two separate commissions: one for SCs (NCSC) and one for STs (National Commission for Scheduled Tribes (NCST)History of NCSC
The roots of the National Commission for Scheduled Castes can be traced back to 1978 when a special commission was appointed to safeguard the rights of Scheduled Castes and Tribes. However, it was only in 1990 that a formal National Commission for Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes was established under Article 338. Over the years, NCSC evolved as:- 1978 : The first commission for SCs and STs was established.
- 65th Amendment, 1990: Created a formal multi-member commission.
- 89th Amendment, 2003: This amendment led to the formation of separate bodies for SCs (NCSC) and STs (NCST).
- 2004: The NCSC was formally constituted, solely focused on issues affecting Scheduled Castes
Composition and Tenure of NCSC
The National Commission for Scheduled Castes consists of a chairperson, a vice-chairperson, and other members who are appointed by the President of India by a warrant under his hand and seal.Composition of NCSC:
- Chairperson: The Chairperson is usually an individual of high standing, often with expertise in the field of human rights or social justice.
- Vice-Chairperson: The Vice-Chairperson assists the Chairperson in the overall functioning of the Commission.
- Members: The Commission has three other members who are appointed based on their experience and knowledge.
Tenure of NCSC:
The members, including the Chairperson and Vice-Chairperson, are appointed for a term of three years as specified in the conditions of service and tenure of office, and they can be reappointed for another term. However, they are not eligible for more than two terms . Further, their term can also be curtailed under certain circumstances.Functions of the National Commission for Scheduled Castes
The National Commission for Scheduled Castes is tasked with a wide range of functions aimed at ensuring the protection and welfare of SC communities. Here are some key functions of the NCSC:- Monitoring Laws and Safeguards: The NCSC ensures that all Constitutional safeguards and laws aimed at protecting SCs are implemented effectively.
- Investigations and Inquiries: The commission investigates any complaints regarding SC rights violations and ensures prompt action.
- Advisory Role: The Commission advises the central and state governments on matters related to the development and welfare of Scheduled Castes.
- Overseeing Welfare Schemes: The commission monitors the implementation of welfare schemes designed for Scheduled Castes.
- Promoting Awareness: The Commission works towards raising awareness about the rights of Scheduled Castes and the provisions available for their protection.
- Submitting Reports: The NCSC submits annual reports to the President, which are then tabled in the Parliament. These reports contain detailed findings on the status of SCs and the effectiveness of government policies.
Powers of the National Commission for Scheduled Castes
The National Commission for Scheduled Castes has significant powers that enable it to fulfill its mandate effectively:- Regulation of its Own Procedure: The Commission can decide how it conducts its inquiries, investigations, and hearings.
- Investigative Powers: The NCSC can investigate complaints about SC rights violations.
- Judicial Authority: It holds the power to summon individuals, examine evidence, and request documents for investigations.
- Consultative Powers: The National Commission for Scheduled Castes is also required to be consulted by both Central and State Governments on all major policy matters affecting the Scheduled Caste.
Report of National Commission for Scheduled Castes
The NCSC submits an annual report to the President of India, detailing its observations and recommendations for SC welfare. This report provides insights into the current conditions of SC communities and includes suggestions for improvement. The report’s findings guide policymakers in forming strategies for SC empowerment in areas like education, employment, and social justice. In summary, the National Commission for Scheduled Castes (NCSC) is a crucial body that protects and promotes SC rights in India. By ensuring that SCs have access to the resources and opportunities they deserve, the NCSC contributes to building a more inclusive society. Explore PW UPSC Courses for structured guidance and study support to help you prepare!| UPSC Related Articles | ||
| List of Chief Justice of India | Mission Karmayogi | Judicial Activism |
| Indian Constitution Day 2024 | Cooperative Federalism | Fundamental Duties |
National Commission for Scheduled Castes FAQs
What is the National Commission for Scheduled Castes (NCSC)?
The NCSC is a Constitutional body focused on safeguarding and promoting the rights of Scheduled Castes in India.
When was the National Commission for Scheduled Castes established?
The NCSC was officially established as a separate body in 2004 under Article 338 of the Indian Constitution.
Who appoints the members of the NCSC?
The President of India appoints the chairperson, vice-chairperson, and other members of the NCSC.
What Article of the Constitution deals with the National Commission for Scheduled Castes?
Article 338 of the Indian Constitution deals with the National Commission for Scheduled Castes.
What are the main functions of the NCSC?
The NCSC protects SC rights, advises governments, conducts research, investigates complaints, and promotes SC interests.
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