Physics Wallah

UPSC Tamil Literature Optional Syllabus 2024 for IAS Exam

UPSC Mains offers Tamil literature optional Syllabus. Explore its rich tradition, syllabus, books, exam pattern, and prep tips for Papers I & II, with past papers link.
authorImageAnil Solonki18 Apr, 2024
Share

Share

UPSC Tamil Literature Syllabus

Tamil Literature Optional is one of the literature subjects offered by UPSC for the UPSC Mains Exam. In the UPSC Mains test, the Tamil Literature optional subject comprises two papers: Paper I and Paper II , each worth 250 marks. Together, these papers contribute to a total of 500 marks for this optional subject.

UPSC Tamil Literature Syllabus Overview

Tamil is a Dravidian language spoken mainly in Tamil Nadu, certain regions of Kerala , Karnataka , Telangana , Andhra Pradesh, and Sri Lanka . It's one of the oldest languages in the world, with a rich literary tradition dating back over 2,000 years. Tamil is a classical language due to its ancient origins, rich literature, and cultural significance. Tamil has its own unique script and is known for its poetic richness and vibrant cultural heritage. It plays a significant role in literature , cinema , and classical music . Tamil literature boasts a rich heritage spanning over two millennia. It began with the Sangam literature around 300 BCE to 300 CE, characterised by poems composed by Tamil poets . These works covered diverse themes like love , war , and ethics . The post-Sangam period witnessed the growth of devotional literature , notably the works of the Nayanars and Alvars , contributing to the Bhakti movement. The mediaeval period saw the flourishing of epic poetry, with the Tamil Ramayana and Mahabharata gaining prominence. Modern Tamil literature emerged in the 19th century with writers like Subramania Bharati , shaping social consciousness.

UPSC Tamil Literature Optional Syllabus 2024

The Tamil Literature Optional Syllabus in the UPSC Mains exam covers a diverse array of subjects, spanning from ancient Sangam literature to contemporary Tamil writings . It entails the examination of classical works , medieval poetry , and modern literature . Candidates will delve into literary criticism , exploring different methodologies for analysing Tamil literary pieces. Cultural elements like folklore and socio-political backgrounds are also essential components of the syllabus. Let us have a look at the Complete Tamil Literature Optional Syllabus:

UPSC Tamil Literature Optional Syllabus For Paper I

Paper I of the UPSC Tamil Literature Optional Syllabus delves into the fundamental elements of the language and its literary traditions. It examines the historical trajectory of Tamil , examining its position within the Indian language landscape and its ties to the Dravidian linguistic family . Answers must be written in Tamil. The table below contains the Complete Syllabus of Tamil Literature Optional Paper I for the UPSC Mains Exam: Paper I Syllabus
Section A
  • Part 1: History of Tamil Language
      • Major Indian Language Families—The place of Tamil among Indian Languages in general and Dravidian in particular—Enumeration and Distribution of Dravidian languages.
      • The language of Sangam Literature—The language of medieval Tamil : Pallava Period only—Historical study of Nouns, Verbs, Adjectives,  Adverbs—Tense markers and case markers in Tamil.
      • Borrowing of words from other languages into Tamil—Regional and social dialects—difference between literary and spoken Tamil.
    • Part 2 : History of Tamil Literature
      • Tolkappiyam-Sangam Literature—The division of Akam and Puram—The secular characteristics of Sangam Literature—The development of Ethical literature—Silappadikaram and Manimekalai.
  • Part  3 : Devotional Literature (Alwars and Nayanamars)
    • The bridal mysticism in Alwar hymns—Minor literary forms (Tutu, Ula, Parani, Kuravanji).
    • Social factors for the development of Modern Tamil Literature; Novel, Short Story and New Poetry—The impact of various political ideologies on modern writings.
Section B
  • Part 1 :  Recent trends in Tamil Studies
  • Approaches to criticism : Social, psychological, historical and moralistic—the use of criticism—the various techniques in literature; Ullurai, Iraicchi, Thonmam (Myth) Otturuvagam (allegory), Angadam (Satire), Meyappadu, Padimam (image), Kuriyeedu (Symbol), Irunmai (Ambiguity)—The concept of comparative literature-the principle of comparative literature.
  • Part 2 :  Folk literature in Tamil
      • Ballads, Songs, proverbs and riddles—Sociological study of Tamil folklore.  Uses of translation—Translation of Tamil works into other languages-Development of journalism in Tamil.
  • Part  3 :  Cultural Heritage of the Tamils
    • Concept of  Love and War—Concept of Aram-the ethical codes adopted by the ancient Tamils in their warfare-customs beliefs, rituals, modes of worship in the five Thinais.
    • The Cultural changes as revealed in post sangam literature—cultural fusion in the medieval period (Janism and Buddhism). The development of arts and architecture through the ages (Pallavas, later Cholas, and Nayaks). The impact of various political, social, religious and cultural movements on Tamil Society.  The role of mass media in the cultural change of contemporary Tamil society.

UPSC Tamil Literature Optional Syllabus For Paper II

Paper II of the UPSC Tamil Literature Optional Syllabus delves deeply into particular literary texts . Expect to explore ancient treasures such as Sangam poems , followed by excerpts from monumental epics like Silappadikaram and Kambaramayanam . Answers must be written in Tamil. The table below contains the Complete Syllabus of Tamil Literature Optional Paper II for UPSC Mains Exam : Paper II Syllabus
Section A
  • Part 1 : Ancient Literature
      1. Kuruntokai (1—25 poems)
      2. Purananuru (182—200 poems)
      3. TirukkuralPorutpal :ArasiyalumAmaichiyalum (from Iraimatchi to Avaianjamai).
  • Part 2 : Epic Literature
      1. Silappadikaram : Madhurai Kandam only.
      2. Kambaramayanam : Kumbakarunan Vadhai Padalam.
  • Part 3 :  Devotional Literature
    1. Tiruvasagam : Neetthal Vinnappam
    2. Tiruppavai : (Full Text).
Section B: Modern Literature
  • Part  1 :
Poetry
  1. Bharathiar : Kannan Pattu
  2. Bharathidasan : Kudumba Vilakku
  3. Naa. Kamarasan : Karappu Malarkal
Prose
  1. Mu.  Varadharajanar : Aramum Arasiyalum
  2. C. N. Annadurai : Ye! Thazhntha Tamilagame.
  • Part  2 : Novel, Short Story and Drama
      1. Akilon ; Chittairappavai
      2. Jayakanthan : Gurupeedam
      3. Cho :  Yaurkkum Vetkamillai
  • Part 3 : Folk Literature
    1. Muthuppattan kathai Edited by Na.  Vanamamalai, (Publication : Madurai Kamaraj University).
    2. Malaiyaruvi, Edited by Ki.  Va Jagannathan (Publication : Saraswathi Mahal, Thanjavur).

UPSC Exam Pattern of Tamil Literature Optional

The exam pattern for Tamil Literature Optional is as follows:
    • The UPSC main exam is divided into two papers, i.e., Paper-I and Paper-II.
    • Both Paper I and Paper II carry 250 marks each, for a total of 500 marks for the Tamil Literature optional papers.
    • In both Paper I and Paper II of Tamil Literature, optional candidates have to attempt FIVE questions in all. THREE hours are allotted to attempt each paper.
    • Ques Numbers 1 and 5 from both papers are compulsory to attempt, and out of the remaining questions, THREE (3) are to be attempted, choosing at least ONE (1) question from each section.
  • Answers must be written in Tamil.

Tamil Literature Optional Exam Pattern

Particular Details
Total Papers Two papers, Paper I and Paper II
Total Marks 500 (250 Each)
Time allowed 3 Hours for each paper
Sections Section A and Section B
Questions total 8 questions with subparts
Compulsory Question Question Nos. 1 and 5
Marks Distribution 10, 15, and 20 marker questions
Writing Language and Script Tamil

Recommended Books For Tamil Literature Optional UPSC Mains

Below is the list of books for Tamil Literature Optional Paper I and II for UPSC Mains Exam:

List of Tamil Literature Optional Books for UPSC Mains Paper I

  • History of Tamil Language
  • Tamil Mozhi Varalaru by Su. Sakthivel
  • Tamil Mozhiyum Varalarum” by Devira
  • Tamil Literature History
  • Tamil Ilakkiya Varalaru by Mu. Varadarasanar
  • Tamil Ilakkiya Varalaru by Thamizannal
  • Ilakkiya Marabu by Mu. Varadarasanar
  • Ethical Literature
  • Valluvar Padai by V.C. Kulandaisamy
  • Devotional Literature
  • Thiruvasagam- A. S. Gnanasambandan (Commentary)
  • Folk Literature
  • Tamilar Nagarigamum Panpaadum” by Thatchinamoorthy

List of Tamil Literature Optional Books for UPSC Mains Paper II

  • Ancient Literature
  • Kuruntokai (Edited Text with Commentary)
  • Purananuru (Edited Text with Commentary)
  • Epic Literature
  • Silappadikaram – A Study by Sami Chidambaranar
  • Kambaramayanam (only specific portion to be studied as per syllabus)
  • Devotional Literature
  • Tiruppavai (Edited Text with Commentary)
  • Thiruvasagam – Neetthal Vinnappam (Edited Text with Commentary)
  • Modern Literature
  • Reference books on prominent modern authors and literary movements
  • Folk Literature
  • Reference books covering various Tamil folk genres like songs, ballads, and narratives
  • Other literary works are mentioned in the syllabus.

Download Tamil Literature Optional Question Papers

The table below contains the list of Previous year question papers of Tamil Literature Optional subject, which is distributed year wise:
Tamil Literature Optional Paper 2023
Tamil Literature Optional Paper I Tamil Literature Optional Paper II
Tamil Literature Optional Paper 2022
Tamil Literature Optional Paper I Tamil Literature Optional Paper II
Tamil Literature Optional Paper 2021
Tamil Literature Optional Paper I Tamil Literature Optional Paper II
Tamil Literature Optional Paper 2020
Tamil Literature Optional Paper I Tamil Literature Optional Paper II

How to Prepare For UPSC Tamil Literature Optional?

Preparing for the UPSC (Union Public Service Commission) exam with Tamil Literature as your optional subject requires a structured approach and dedication. Here's a guide to help you prepare effectively:
  • Understand the Syllabus: Familiarise yourself with the UPSC syllabus for Tamil Literature, optional. Understand the topics and sub-topics mentioned to create a study plan.
  • Study Material: Gather study material such as textbooks, reference books, literary works, and study guides recommended by experts and previous successful candidates. Make sure to cover both classical and modern Tamil literature.
  • Write Summary: After reading a book, try to write a summary of the book. Get a summary evaluated by experts and work on the feedback given.
  • Make Notes: While studying, make concise notes covering important concepts, authors, literary movements, critical perspectives, and significant works. These notes will help you with quick revisions closer to the exam.
  • Read Widely: Read a variety of Tamil literary works including novels, poetry, essays, dramas, and literary criticism. This will help you develop a comprehensive understanding of Tamil literature and its various dimensions.
  • Analyse Literary Works: Analyse and critically evaluate the themes, characters, writing style, and socio-cultural contexts of the literary works you study. Develop the ability to interpret texts from different perspectives.
  • Language Proficiency: Ensure proficiency in the Tamil language including grammar, vocabulary, and comprehension. Practice writing essays, summaries, and critical analyses in Tamil to improve your writing skills.
  • Previous Year Papers: Solve previous years' question papers to understand the exam pattern, question types, and difficulty level. This will also help you identify important topics and focus your preparation accordingly.
  • Mock Tests: Take regular mock tests to assess your preparation level and improve time management skills. Analyse your performance and identify areas that need more attention.
  • Revision: Regularly revise the topics you have covered to reinforce your understanding and retain important information. Create a revision schedule and stick to it.

UPSC Tamil Literature Syllabus 2024 FAQs

Is Tamil literature good optional for UPSC?

Tamil Literature optional is a fairly favoured choice among IAS candidates for the UPSC Mains optional subject, boasting a respectable success rate.

Which optional paper is easy?

The perceived ease of optional papers varies based on individual interests and strengths. However, subjects like Psychology, Sociology, Public Administration, Geography, and History are often considered approachable due to their straightforward concepts and ample resources for preparation. Ultimately, choose based on your aptitude and interest.

Which optional syllabus is least?

The Philosophy subject in UPSC optional subjects has the smallest syllabus. Similarly, Anthropology, Sociology, and Public Administration are also known for their relatively concise syllabi compared to other options.

What is the UPSC exam in Tamil syllabus?

The Tamil Literature Optional Syllabus encompasses both ancient and contemporary literary pieces, including poetry, prose, drama, and critical analysis. By exploring the rich history and influence of Tamil literature, candidates can gain a profound comprehension of the language.
Join 15 Million students on the app today!
Point IconLive & recorded classes available at ease
Point IconDashboard for progress tracking
Point IconMillions of practice questions at your fingertips
Download ButtonDownload Button
Banner Image
Banner Image
Free Learning Resources
Know about Physics Wallah
Physics Wallah is an Indian edtech platform that provides accessible & comprehensive learning experiences to students from Class 6th to postgraduate level. We also provide extensive NCERT solutions, sample paper, NEET, JEE Mains, BITSAT previous year papers & more such resources to students. Physics Wallah also caters to over 3.5 million registered students and over 78 lakh+ Youtube subscribers with 4.8 rating on its app.
We Stand Out because
We provide students with intensive courses with India’s qualified & experienced faculties & mentors. PW strives to make the learning experience comprehensive and accessible for students of all sections of society. We believe in empowering every single student who couldn't dream of a good career in engineering and medical field earlier.
Our Key Focus Areas
Physics Wallah's main focus is to make the learning experience as economical as possible for all students. With our affordable courses like Lakshya, Udaan and Arjuna and many others, we have been able to provide a platform for lakhs of aspirants. From providing Chemistry, Maths, Physics formula to giving e-books of eminent authors like RD Sharma, RS Aggarwal and Lakhmir Singh, PW focuses on every single student's need for preparation.
What Makes Us Different
Physics Wallah strives to develop a comprehensive pedagogical structure for students, where they get a state-of-the-art learning experience with study material and resources. Apart from catering students preparing for JEE Mains and NEET, PW also provides study material for each state board like Uttar Pradesh, Bihar, and others

Copyright © 2025 Physicswallah Limited All rights reserved.