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How many optional subjects do I need to choose for UPSC Mains?
You need to choose one optional subject for the Mains exam, which has two papers.
Are the marks obtained in the qualifying papers counted for the final ranking?
No, the marks obtained in the qualifying papers (Indian Language and English) are not counted for the final ranking.
How many papers are there in the UPSC Mains exam?
There are nine papers in the UPSC Mains exam, including compulsory papers (Indian Language, English, Essay) and General Studies papers, along with two optional subject papers.
Are there qualifying papers in the UPSC Mains exam?
Yes, Indian Language (Paper A) and English Language (Paper B) are qualifying papers, and candidates must secure a minimum of 25% in each.
Can I change my UPSC Mains optional subject after the Prelims?
No, you cannot change your UPSC Mains optional subject after the Prelims. Once you have chosen an optional subject during the application process and appeared for the Prelims, the subject remains fixed for the Mains exam.
UPSC Mains Syllabus 2025, Download GS Paper 1, 2, 3 and 4 PDF
UPSC Mains Syllabus 2025 has nine papers, with marks from seven papers contributing to final merit list. Check out UPSC Mains Syllabus 2025, GS Paper 1, 2, 3, 4 Syllabus PDF here
Sheetal Gaur4 Jun, 2025
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UPSC Mains Syllabus 2025 is a crucial aspect of the Civil Services Examinationthat candidates must thoroughly understand to excel. The UPSC Mains Exam tests the candidate's academic expertise and ability to present knowledge coherently. This comprehensive stage consists of nine papers designed to test a candidate's in-depth knowledge across various subjects.
UPSC Mains consists of Nine papers, including General Studies, an Optional Subject, and papers on Indian languages, essay writing, and ethics. The syllabus for UPSC Mains 2025 lays the foundation for detailed and focused preparation. It assesses an aspirant's depth of understanding and the ability to analyze issues critically.
UPSC Mains Syllabus 2025
The syllabus for UPSC Mains 2025 is extensive, covering nine papers, including Indian Language, English, Essay, General Studies (I-IV), and two Optional Subjects. It is the second phase of the examination. These papers are designed to assess a candidate's intellectual prowess and depth of understanding of various subjects. Here is the overview of UPSC Mains Syllabus 2025 for candidates to understand it better:
UPSC Mains Syllabus 2025 Overview
Particular
Details
Number of Papers
Total 9 Papers
Nature of Exam
Qualifying in nature
Considered for Merit
Duration of Exam
3 hours for each paper
Qualifying Marks
75 Marks required, ie. 25% in Compulsory Papers
10% minimum marks in remaining papers
Final Merit (Marks will be counted in the final merit list)
UPSC Mains Paper Wise Syllabus 2025
The primary aim of the examination is to evaluate the overall intellectual capacity and depth of comprehension of the candidates, rather than solely testing their memorization abilities or knowledge scope. The complete UPSC mains syllabus in Hindi and English will be provided along with the notification on the official website. It is essential to understand the syllabus and exam pattern to perform well in the exam. Here, aspiring candidates can walk through the paper-wise UPSC Mains Syllabus from below:
UPSC Mains Paper-Wise Syllabus 2025
Paper
UPSC Mains Subjects
UPSC Mains Syllabus Topic wise
Paper A
Indian Languages
Compulsory Indian Language of 8th Schedule of the Indian Constitution:
Comprehension
Translation (English to the Indian Language and vice-versa)
UPSC Mains English paper aims to evaluate candidates' ability to read and comprehend serious, analytical, and reflective prose. It tests their capacity to express ideas effectively and accurately in English, ensuring clarity, coherence, and proper language usage. The focus is on assessing comprehension skills and the ability to articulate complex thoughts and arguments in a structured and grammatically correct manner.
UPSC Mains Optional Subjects
Candidates have to choose one optional subject from a list provided by UPSC. This choice can significantly impact the overall score, so it should be made wisely. Here is a list of the optional subjects for UPSC Mains 2025:
Along with the UPSC Mains syllabus topic wise, candidates must know the exam pattern. UPSC Exam pattern 2025 for Mains consists of nine papers, all descriptive. Papers in Indian Language and English are qualifying in nature, while the marks obtained in the rest are counted for the final ranking.
UPSC Mains 2025 Exam Pattern
Paper
UPSC Mains 2024 Subjects
Marks
Duration
Paper A
Compulsory Indian Language of 8th Schedule of the Indian Constitution
300 marks
2 hours
Paper B
English Language
300 marks
2 hours
Paper I
Essay
250 marks
2 hours
Paper II
General Studies I
250 marks
2 hours
Paper III
General Studies II
250 marks
2 hours
Paper IV
General Studies III
250 marks
2 hours
Paper V
General Studies IV
250 marks
2 hours
Paper VI
Optional Paper I
250 marks
2 hours
Paper VII
Optional Paper II
250 marks
2 hours
Tips to Cover UPSC Mains 2025 Syllabus
Preparing for the UPSC Mains exam is a marathon, not a sprint. It requires a well-thought-out strategy, dedication, and an unwavering commitment to your goals. Below are some focused tips that can guide your preparation journey, ensuring you stay on track and maximize your performance:
Comprehensive Understanding : Begin with a thorough reading of the syllabus and previous years' question papers.
Integrated Approach: Link the topics across different papers, especially the General Studies.
Writing Practice: Regular answer writing practice is crucial. Time management and answer structuring can make a significant difference.
Revision: Make concise notes for revision, focusing on key concepts and facts.
Current Affairs: Stay updated with current events and understand their background and implications.
