CBSE Class 6 Science Notes Chapter 9 The Living Organisms and Their Surroundings Notes

CBSE Class 6 Science Notes Chapter 9

CBSE Class 6 Science Notes Chapter 9 Overview

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CBSE Class 6 Science Notes Chapter 9 The Living Organisms and Their Surroundings Notes

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CBSE Class 6 Science Notes Chapter 9 Important Topics

• Habitats and Organisms: This topic introduces students to the concept of habitats and the diverse environments where living organisms reside. It covers terrestrial, aquatic, and aerial habitats and the different types of organisms found in each.
• Adaptations: Students learn about how organisms adapt to their habitats to survive and thrive. This includes physical adaptations (e.g., camouflage, body shape) and behavioral adaptations (e.g., migration, hibernation).
• Biotic and Abiotic Factors: The chapter discusses the factors that influence habitats, including biotic factors (living organisms) and abiotic factors (non-living elements such as temperature, water, soil).
• Interdependence: Students explore the interconnectedness of organisms within habitats and how they rely on each other for resources and survival. This includes concepts such as food chains, food webs, and ecological relationships.
• Changes in Habitats: The chapter covers natural and human-induced changes in habitats, such as succession, deforestation, pollution, and climate change. Students learn about the impacts of these changes on ecosystems and biodiversity.
• Conservation: The importance of conserving habitats and biodiversity is emphasized, along with the role of individuals, communities, and governments in protecting natural environments and promoting sustainable practices.
• Field Observations: Students are encouraged to observe and explore local habitats to better understand the concepts discussed in the chapter. Field trips and practical activities may be included to facilitate hands-on learning.
• Case Studies: Real-world examples and case studies may be used to illustrate key concepts and highlight conservation efforts and challenges in different habitats around the world.

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CBSE Class 6 Science Notes Chapter 9 Important Questions

• Habitat refers to the natural environment or surroundings where an organism lives and thrives. Examples:
  • Terrestrial habitat: Forests, grasslands, deserts.
  • Aquatic habitat: Oceans, rivers, lakes.
  • Aerial habitat: Sky, atmosphere.

• Adaptation refers to the process by which organisms adjust to their environment over time to increase their chances of survival. Examples include:
  • Camouflage in animals to blend with their surroundings.
  • Cacti having thick stems to store water in desert habitats.

• Biotic factors are living components of an ecosystem, such as plants, animals, and microorganisms. Examples: Trees, birds, bacteria.
• Abiotic factors are non-living components, including temperature, water, sunlight, and soil. Examples: Sunlight, temperature, soil.

• Food chains and food webs depict the flow of energy and nutrients between different organisms in a habitat. They show how organisms depend on each other for food and survival within their respective habitats.

• Organisms in a habitat depend on each other for food, shelter, and other resources. For example:
  • Bees depend on flowers for nectar and pollination, while flowers rely on bees for pollination.
  • Predators depend on prey for food, and prey depend on predators to keep their populations in check.

• Organisms adapt to their habitats through various physical, behavioral, and physiological characteristics. For example:
  • Desert animals have adaptations like long eyelashes and water-conserving mechanisms to survive in arid conditions.
  • Aquatic plants have adaptations like floating leaves and air sacs to obtain sunlight and nutrients in water habitats.

• Terrestrial habitats: These include forests, grasslands, deserts, and mountains. They have diverse flora and fauna adapted to different climatic conditions.
• Aquatic habitats: These encompass oceans, rivers, lakes, and ponds. They support a wide range of aquatic organisms adapted to varying water conditions.
• Aerial habitats: These consist of the sky and atmosphere, where birds, insects, and some plants thrive.

• Organisms interact with their habitats by obtaining food, water, shelter, and mates for reproduction. They also contribute to ecosystem processes like nutrient cycling and energy flow.

• Abiotic factors such as temperature, water availability, sunlight, and soil type play a crucial role in determining the characteristics of habitats. They influence the distribution and abundance of organisms in an ecosystem.

• Niche refers to the role or function of an organism within its habitat, including its interactions with other species and the abiotic environment. It involves the organism's position in the food chain, its feeding habits, and its adaptations to the environment.

• Forests: Characterized by dense vegetation, diverse tree species, and a wide variety of animal life.
• Grasslands: Dominated by grasses and herbaceous plants, with grazing mammals like bison and antelope.
• Coral reefs: Marine ecosystems built by coral polyps, supporting a rich diversity of marine life.
• Tundra: Cold, treeless ecosystems found in polar regions, with low-growing vegetation and adapted animals like Arctic foxes and reindeer.
• Deserts: Arid ecosystems with sparse vegetation, adapted plants like cacti, and animals like camels and desert rats.

• Desert plants have shallow roots and thick waxy coatings to minimize water loss.
• Polar animals have thick fur or blubber layers for insulation against cold temperatures.
• Deep-sea organisms have bioluminescent features and pressure-resistant bodies to survive in the dark, high-pressure environment.

CBSE Class 6 Science Notes Chapter 9 PDF

CBSE Class 6 Science Notes Chapter 9 PDF Download