CBSE Class 7 Maths Notes Chapter 2
CBSE Class 7 Maths Notes Chapter 2:
The PDF revision notes for CBSE Class 7 Maths Chapter 2 on Fractions and Decimals are currently accessible on this page. The concepts of fractions and decimals, along with their relationships, are introduced in this chapter.
Since fractions and decimals are two of the most basic mathematical concepts covered in this chapter, our specialists have developed these notes that address the key ideas and how they apply to sums. To prepare for their exams, students can view the notes PDF online or download it for free.
CBSE Class 7 Maths Notes Chapter 2 Overview
Below we have provided CBSE Class 7 Maths Notes Chapter 2 for the students to help them ace their class 7 maths examination.
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Meaning of Fractions
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Representation of Fractions
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Fractions on Number Line
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Multiplication of Fractions
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Fraction as an Operator ‘of’
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Division of Fractions
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Reciprocal of a Fraction
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Types of Fractions
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An Introduction to Decimals
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Multiplication of Decimals
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Division of Decimals
CBSE Class 7 Maths Notes Chapter 2 PDF
Here is the link to download the CBSE Class 7 Maths Notes Chapter 2 Fractions and Decimals in PDF format. The major objective is to help students understand and resolve these problems. We have prepared the CBSE Class 7 Maths Notes Chapter 2 Fractions and Decimals and have solved the problems step-by-step with detailed explanations.
CBSE Class 7 Maths Notes Chapter 2 PDF Download
CBSE Class 7 Maths Notes Chapter 2 Fractions and Decimals
We studied fractions, decimals, and addition and subtraction operations on them in the last session.
The word
fraction
derives from the Latin word
“Fractus”
meaning
broken
. It represents a
part of a whole
, consisting of a number of equal parts out of a whole.
Representation of Fractions
A
fraction
is represented by 2 numbers on top of each other, separated by a line. The
number on top is the numerator
and the
number below is the denominator
. Example :
3
4
which basically means 3 parts out of 4 equal divisions.
Fractions on the Number Line
In order to represent a fraction on a number line, we divide the line segment between
two whole numbers into
n
equal parts
, where
n
is the denominator.
Example
: To represent 1/5
or 3/5
, we divide the line between 0 and 1 in 5 equal parts. Then the
numerator gives the number of divisions
to mark.
Multiplication of Fractions
Multiplication of Fractions
Multiplication of a
fraction by a whole number:
Example 1:
7
×(1/3)
= 7/3
Example 2 :
5
×(7/45)
=
35/45
, Dividing numerator and denominator by 5, we get
7/9
Multiplication of a
fraction by a fraction
is basically product of numerators/product of denominators.
Example 1: (3/5)
× (12/13) = 36/65
Example 2 : Multiplication of mixed fractions
Fraction as an Operator ‘Of’
The
‘of’
operator basically implies
multiplication
.
Example: 1/6
o
f
18 = (1/6)
×
18 = 18/6
=
3
or, 1/2
o
f
11 = (1/2)
×
11
= 11/2
Division of Fractions
Reciprocal of a Fraction
Reciprocal of any number
n
is written as
1
n
Reciprocal of a fraction
is obtained by
interchanging the numerator and denominator.
Example: Reciprocal of 2/5 is 5/2
Although zero divided by any number means zero itself, we cannot find reciprocals for them, as a
number divided by 0 is undefined
.
Example: Reciprocal of 0/7
≠
7/0
Division of Fractions
Division of a
whole number
by a
fraction:
we multiply the whole number with the reciprocal of the fraction.
Example
:
63
÷(
7/5) =
63
×
(5/7) =
9
×
5
=
45
Division of a
fraction
by a
whole number
: we multiply the fraction with the reciprocal of the whole number.
Example
: (8/11)
÷
4
= (8/11)
×(
1/4) = 2/11
Division of a
fraction
by another
fraction
: We multiply the dividend with the reciprocal of the divisor.
Example
: (2/7)
÷
(5/21) = (2/7)
×
(21/5) = 6/5.
Related Links -
Decimals
Introduction to Decimal
Decimal numbers
are used to represent numbers that are
smaller than the unit 1
. Decimal number system is also known as
base 10 system
since each place value is denoted by a power of 10.
A decimal number refers to a number consisting of the following
two parts:
(i)
Integral part
(before the decimal point)
(ii)
Fractional Part
(after the decimal point).
These both are separated by a
decimal separator(.)
called the
decimal point
.
A decimal number is written as follows: Example 564.8 or 23.97.
The numbers to the left of the decimal point increase with the order of 10, while the numbers to the right of the point increase with the decrease order of 10.
The above example 564.8 can be read as ‘five hundred and sixty-four and eight tenths’.
⇒
5
×
100
+
6
×
10
+
4
×
1
+
8
×(1/10)
A
fraction
can be written
as a decimal
and vice-versa. Example 3/2
=
1.5
or
1.5
= 15/10
= 3/2.
Multiplication of Decimals
Multiplication
of
decimal numbers
with
whole numbers:
Multiply them as whole numbers. The
product
will contain the
same number of digits
after the decimal point as that of the decimal number.
E.g :
11.3
×
4
=
45.2
Multiplication
of
decimals
with
powers of 10:
If a decimal is multiplied by a power of 10, then the
decimal point shifts
to the right by the
number of zeros in its power.
E.g :
45.678
×
10
=
456.78
(decimal point shifts by 1 place to the right) or,
45.678
×
1000
=
45678
(decimal point shifts by 3 places to the right)
Multiplication
of
decimals
with
decimals:
Multiply the decimal numbers without decimal points and then give decimal point in the answer as many places same as the total number of places right to the decimal points in both numbers.
E.g :
Division of Decimals
Dividing
a
decimal
number
by a
whole number
:
Example: 45.2/55
Step 1
. Convert the Decimal number into Fraction:
45.25
= 4525/100
Step 2
. Divide the fraction by the whole number: (
4525/100) ÷
5
= (
4525/100)
× (1/5)
=
9.05
Dividing
a
decimal number
by a
decimal number
:
Example 1: 45.25/0.5
Step 1.
Convert both the decimal numbers into fractions:
45.25
= 4525/100
and
0.5
= 5/10
Step 2.
Divide the fractions: (4525/100) ÷
(5/10) = (4525/100) ×
(10/5) =
90.5
Example 2:
Dividing
a
decimal number
by
powers of 10 :
If a decimal is divided by a power of 10, then the
decimal point shifts
to the
left
by the
number of zeros
present in the
power of 10.
Example:
98.765
÷
100
=
0.98765
Infinity
When the
denominator
in a fraction is
very very small
(almost tending to 0), then the
value of the fraction
tends towards
infinity
.
E.g: 999999/0.000001 = 999999000001
≈
a very large number, which is considered to be
∞
Types of Fractions
Mainly there are six types of fractions. All these types of fractions are discussed below:
1. Proper Fraction:
In this fraction, the numerator is always less than the denominator. It shows the part of a whole.
2. Improper Fraction:
In this fraction numerator is always more than the denominator and it shows the mixture of whole and a proper fraction.
3. Mixed Fraction:
In this type of fraction we write mixed form as it is the mixture of whole numbers and a fraction.
4. Like Fraction:
In this type, there are fractions with the same denominator.
5. Unlike Fraction:
In this fraction, there are fractions with different denominators.
6. Equivalent Fraction:
The fraction which is proportional to each other is termed as an equivalent fraction.
Features of
CBSE Class 7 Maths Notes Chapter 3
Here are some revision notes for the Class 7 Maths students on the Fractions and Decimals chapter. These will help them to fully comprehend and rewrite the chapter. Let’s now examine the advantages of the revision notes.
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