Getting to Know Plants System: Definition, Anatomy, Types

Getting to Know Plants System: Plants are more than greens and flowers; they are the superheroes of the botanical world! Imagine turning sunlight into energy, providing the air we breathe, and feeding entire ecosystems. That's exactly what plants do every day.

Genetically Modified Organisms Ethical Issues

Definition of Plants

Genetic Drift

Herbs, Shrubs, and Trees: The Dynamic Trio of the Plant Kingdom

Herbs:

• Herbs are small, non-woody plants that typically have a delicate, tender appearance. They are often used for medicinal, culinary, or ornamental purposes and are prized for their delicate scents, flavorful leaves, and colourful flowers.
• Examples:  Basil, Mint, Rosemary, and Chamomile.

Shrubs:

• Shrubs are larger, woody plants with a more substantial structure than herbs. They are often used as landscaping plants, providing visual interest and providing habitats for wildlife.
• Examples: Hydrangea, Lilac, and Rose.

Trees:

• Trees are the tallest and most massive members of the plant kingdom, with a towering presence that often defines the landscape.
• Examples: Oak, Maple and Sequoia.

Gastric Symptoms

Anatomy of Plant

Root System

1. Taproot
2. Fibrous root
3. Adventitious roots
4. Contractile roots
5. Parasitic roots

Genetic Code

• The taproot is a single, deep root that grows vertically downward from the base of the plant. Taproots are common in trees and large shrubs and are well adapted to reaching deep into the soil to access water and nutrients.
• Examples: Carrot, Beet, Radish, Parsnip.

• Fibrous roots are a network of thin, branching roots that grow horizontally in the soil. Fibrous roots are common in grasses and other herbaceous plants and are well adapted to absorbing water and nutrients from shallow soils.
• Examples: Corn, Wheat, and Oats.

• Adventitious roots are roots that develop from the plant's stems, leaves, or other aerial parts. Adventitious roots can help the plant to anchor itself in the soil or to absorb moisture and nutrients from the air.
• Some epiphytic plants, such as orchids and bromeliads, have specialised adventitious roots that help them anchor themselves to tree trunks and branches.

• Contractile roots can pull the plant into the soil, providing extra anchorage and stability. Contractile roots are common in bulb plants such as tulips and daffodils.
• Bulb plants, such as daffodils and tulips, have contractile roots that help them pull deeper into the soil for stability and protection.

• Parasitic roots tap into other plants' root systems to absorb water and nutrients. Parasitic roots are common in plants such as mistletoe and dodder, which cannot produce chlorophyll and thus cannot photosynthesise their food.
• Mistletoe is a classic example of a parasitic plant that uses its roots to tap into the root systems of other plants to absorb water and nutrients. Other examples of parasitic plants include dodder, broomrape, and yellow rattle.

Gene Flow

Stem System

• Herbaceous stems are soft and flexible and typically found in annual and perennial plants that die back to the ground yearly. Herbaceous stems are often succulent and are important in water storage and nutrient uptake.
• Examples of herbaceous stems include lettuce, spinach, and other leafy greens.

• Woody stems are tough and woody and are typically found in trees and shrubs. They are well adapted to supporting the plant in upright growth and provide mechanical stability and protection against herbivores and environmental stress.
• Examples of woody stems include the trunks of oak trees, maple trees, and other deciduous and coniferous trees.

• Aerial stems grow above the ground, and are often specialised for photosynthesis, reproduction, or water transport.
• Examples of aerial stems include the stems of cacti and succulents, such as the prickly pear cactus and the jade plant, and the stems of climbing plants, such as ivy and wisteria.

• Underground stems grow below the ground and are often specialised for energy storage and nutrient uptake.
• Examples of underground stems include the bulbs of daffodils and tulips, the rhizomes of irises and bamboo, and the tubers of potatoes and yams.

Genetic Code Codons Amino Acids

Flowering System

1. Sepals
2. Petals
3. Stamens
4. Pistil.

Effects of Air Pollution on Plants

Leaves System

Gibberellins in Plants

Fruit System

Types of Plants

Photosynthesis and Energy Production