ENDOPLASMIC RETICULUM

ENDOPLASMIC RETICULUM

• It is the network of membranes present in the cytoplasm.
• It was discovered by Porter, Claude and Fullam.
• These are present in all cells except prokaryotes and mammalian erythrocytes.
• They are made up of three components:

Cistemae: These are long, flattened, parallely arranged, unbranched tubules. These from Successive layers of nucleus. These are found in cells which are active in protein synthesis and are 40-50 µm in diameter.

• Vesicles: These are around or spherical they are founded in synthetically active cells.
• Tubules: The endoplasmic reticulum is a network of tubles and flattened sacs that serve a variety   of functions in the cell.

Types :

Endoplasmic reticulum is of two types

Smooth ER        Rough ER

Made of clstemae and vesicles.

helps   in protein synthesis.

Contains ribosomes on its surface.

Various parts of ER

Structure of Endoplasmic Reticulum

Function of ER:

• It is the only organelle which can move within a cell so it serves as a channel for the transport of materials between various regions of cytoplasm and between cytoplasm and nucleus.

• It also function as a cytoplasmic framework to provide space for some of the biochemical activities.It forms endoskeleton of cell.
• It helps in synthesis of fats, steroids, cholesterol etc.
• It contains secretory proteins.
• SER plays a crucial role in detoxification of drugs and poisonous by-products.

Related Topics

• Ribosomes
• Plastid
• Cell Division