Glyolysis and Glycolytic Pathway: Introduction, Importance

If you are looking for an explanation of glycolysis and glycolytic pathway, you are at the right place. The article will discuss the glycolysis process and the glycolytic pathway. This article aims to deliver a precise overview of this topic, which covers all the information you need to know.

Introduction

Getting to Know Plants System

What Is Glcolysis?

Genetically Modified Organisms Ethical Issues

Glcolysis Pathway

1. In the cell cytoplasm, the hexokinase adds phosphate to glucose. The transfer of a phosphate group from ATP to glucose results in glucose, 6-phosphate.
2. The enzyme phosphoglucomutase converts glucose-6-phosphate to fructose-6-phosphate.
3. The other ATP molecule adds a phosphate group to fructose 6-phosphate, which is then converted into fructose 1, 6-bisphosphate by the enzyme phosphofructokinase.
4. Aldolase is an enzyme that converts fructose 1,6-bisphosphate into isomers of glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate and dihydroxyacetone phosphate.
5. Triose-phosphate isomerase converts dihydroxyacetone phosphate to glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate, the substrate for the next step of glycolysis.
6. This step causes two reactions: 1) To form NADH+,  H+, the enzyme glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate dehydrogenase transfers one hydrogen molecule from glyceraldehyde phosphate to nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide. 2) To form 1,3-bisphosphoglycerate, glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate dehydrogenase adds a phosphate to the oxidised glyceraldehyde phosphate.
7. Phosphate is converted from 1, 3-bisphosphoglycerate to ADP by phosphoglycerokinase to form ATP. At the end of this reaction, two molecules of phosphoglycerate and ATP are obtained.
8. The enzyme phosphoglyceromutase moves the phosphate from the third to the second carbon of both phosphoglycerate molecules, resulting in two molecules of 2-phosphoglycerate.
9. Enolase is an enzyme that converts 2-phosphoglycerate to phosphoenolpyruvate by removing a water molecule.
10. Pyruvate kinase transfers a phosphate from phosphoenolpyruvate to ADP to form pyruvate and ATP. The end products are two molecules of pyruvate and ATP.

Genetic Drift

What is the Glycolytic Pathway?

DISEASES ASSOCIATED WITH GLYCOLYTIC PATHWAYS ARE:

• lack of glycolytic enzymes such as hexokinase can cause diabetes. Pyruvate kinase deficiencies can also cause heart disease. The glycolysis pathway is critical for tumour cell survival. Because the Warburg effect allows cancer cells to avoid oxidative phosphorylation, they frequently rely on glycolysis for energy.
• Diseases caused by an overactive glycolytic pathway are uncommon but can be fatal. Lactic acidosis, or a buildup of lactate in the blood, can result from excessive glycolysis. Problems with the glycolysis enzymes or a lack of oxygen can cause lactic acidosis. Lactic acidosis can result in serious health complications such as coma and death.

Gastric Symptoms

Importance Of Glycolysis

• It is the only fuel available to red blood cells.
• Under normal circumstances, the brain's preferred fuel.
• The primary source of fuel for muscles during strenuous exercise.

Genetic Code Codons Amino Acids