Class 10 Geography Chapter 5 Minerals and Energy Resources NCERT Solutions

Minerals and Energy Resources NCERT Solutions

Class 10th Geography Chapter 5 NCERT Solutions help you understand key concepts of minerals and energy resources readily. These answers explain important topics clearly and support better exam preparation.

Class 10 Geography Minerals and Energy Resources MCQs

Multiple Choice Questions 

(i) Which one of the following minerals is formed by the decomposition of rocks, leaving a residual mass of weathered material?

(a) Coal (b) Bauxite (c ) Gold (d) Zinc

Solution: (b) Bauxite

(ii) Koderma, in Jharkhand, is the leading producer of which one of the following minerals?

(a) Bauxite (b) Mica (c ) Iron Ore (d) Copper

Solution: (b) Mica

(iii) Minerals are deposited and accumulated in the strata of which of the following rocks?

(a) Sedimentary Rocks (b) Metamorphic Rocks

(c ) Igneous Rocks (d) None of the above

Solution: (a) Sedimentary Rocks

(iv) Which one of the following minerals is contained in the Monazite sand?

(a) Oil (b) Uranium (c ) Thorium (d) Coal

Solution: (c ) Thorium

Answer the following questions in 30 words 

(i) Distinguish between the following in not more than 30 words.

1. Ferrous and non-ferrous minerals
2. Conventional and non-conventional sources of energy

Solution:

Metallic minerals that contain iron are known as ferrous minerals. For instance, cobalt, nickel, manganese, iron ore, etc. Non-ferrous minerals lack iron yet are nevertheless metallic. For instance, copper, zinc, gold, etc.

b. Firewood, cattle dung cake, coal, petroleum, natural gas, and electricity (both thermal and hydel) are examples of conventional energy sources. On the other hand, unconventional energy sources include atomic, solar, wind, tidal, geothermal, and biogas energy.

(ii) What is a mineral?

Solution: One way to characterise homogenous, naturally occurring materials with a definite internal structure is as minerals.

(iii) How do minerals in metamorphic and igneous rocks form?

Minerals can be found in the fissures, joints, fractures, and crevices of igneous and metamorphic rocks. Larger deposits are referred to as lodes, and lesser ones as veins.

(iv) Why do we need to conserve mineral resources?

Solution: In the Earth's crust, mineral deposits make up just 1%. Because the geological processes of mineral production are so slow, the rates of replenishment are relatively low compared to the current rate of consumption, which is why we need to safeguard mineral resources.

3. Answer the following questions in 120 words 

(i) Describe the distribution of coal in India

Solution:

Coal is found in rock series in India that belong to the two main geological ages:

1. Gondwana (200 million years old)
2. Tertiary deposits (55 million years old)

The major resources of Gondwana coal are located in:

1. Damodar Valley (West Bengal – Jharkhand) – Jharia, Raniganj and Bokaro are important coalfields.
2. Godavari valley
3. Mahanadi valley
4. Son valley
5. Wardha valley

(ii) Why do you think that solar energy has a bright future in India?

India, being a tropical nation with vast potential for solar energy utilisation, has a bright future for solar energy. In isolated and rural locations, solar energy is quickly gaining popularity. Milk cans are sterilised using solar radiation at Madhapur, close to Bhuj, which is home to India's largest solar power facility. It is anticipated that using solar energy will be able to reduce rural communities' reliance on dung cakes and firewood, which will help preserve the environment and ensure that there is a sufficient supply of manure for agriculture. One unconventional but renewable energy source is solar energy. Not only will solar energy use benefit the environment, but it will lessen our reliance on petrol and oil.