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GATE Instrumentation Engineering Subjects
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Section 1: Engineering Mathematics
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Linear Algebra
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Matrix Algebra
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Systems of Linear Equations
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Consistency and Rank
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EigenValues and EigenVectors
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Calculus
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Mean Value Theorems
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Maxima and Minima
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Theorems of Integral Calculus
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Partial Derivatives
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Differential Equations
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First-Order Equations (Linear and Nonlinear)
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Second-Order Linear Differential Equations with Constant Coefficients
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Analysis of Complex Variables
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Analytic Functions
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Cauchy’s Integral Theorem and Integral Formula
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Taylor’s and Laurent’s Series
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Residue Theorem
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Solution of Integrals
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Probability and Statistics
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Sampling Theorems
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Standard Deviation
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Conditional Probability
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Mean, Median, and Mode
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Numerical Methods
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Matrix Inversion
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Numerical Integration
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Solutions of Nonlinear Algebraic Equations
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Section 2: Electricity and Magnetism
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Coulomb’s Law, Electric Field Intensity, Inductance, Electric Flux Density, Gauss’s Law, Divergence, Electric Field and Potential Due to Point, Ampere’s Law, Line, Plane, and Spherical Charge Distributions, Effect of Dielectric Medium, Capacitance of Simple Configurations, Biot-Savart’s Law, Curl, Faraday’s Law, and Lorentz Force
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Magnetomotive Force, Magnetic Circuits, Reluctance, and Self and Mutual Inductance of Simple Configurations
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Section 3: Electrical Circuits and Machines
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Voltage and Current Sources
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Independent Sources
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Dependent Sources
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Ideal Sources
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Practical Sources
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V-I Relationships and Transient Analysis
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V-I Relationships of Resistor, Inductor, Mutual Inductance, and Capacitor
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RLC Circuits with DC Excitation: Transient Analysis
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Circuit Analysis Techniques
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Kirchhoff’s Laws
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Mesh Analysis
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Nodal Analysis
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Superposition
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AC Circuit Analysis
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Average, Peak, and RMS Values of AC Quantities
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Apparent, Active, and Reactive Powers
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Phasor Analysis
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Network Theory
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One-Port and Two-Port Networks
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Driving Point Impedance and Admittance
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Open and Short Circuit Parameters
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Transformers and Induction Motors
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Single-Phase Transformer
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Equivalent Circuit
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Phasor Diagram
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Open Circuit and Short Circuit Tests
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Regulation and Efficiency
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Section 4: Signals and Systems
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Signals
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Periodic Signals
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Aperiodic Signals
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Impulse Signals
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Transforms
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Laplace Transform
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Fourier Transform
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Z-Transform
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Linear Time-Invariant Systems
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Transfer Function
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Frequency Response of First and Second Order Linear Time-Invariant Systems
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Impulse Response of Systems
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Convolution and Correlation
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Discrete-Time Systems
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Impulse Response
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Frequency Response
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Pulse Transfer Function
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DFT (Discrete Fourier Transform) and Fast Fourier Transform (FFT)
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IIR and FIR Filters
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Basics of Infinite Impulse Response (IIR) Filters
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Basics of Finite Impulse Response (FIR) Filters
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Section 5: Control Systems
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Design of Compensators
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Lead Compensators
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Lag Compensators
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Lead-Lag Compensators
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Control System Design Techniques
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On-Off Controllers
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P Controllers
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PI Controllers
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PID Controllers, and more
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Section 6: Analog Electronics
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Applications of Op-Amps
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Adder
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Subtractor
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Integrator
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Differentiator
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Difference Amplifier
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Instrumentation Amplifier
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Diode
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Characteristics of a Diode
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Applications of Diode
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Zener Diode
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Characteristics of the Zener Diode
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Applications of Zener Diodes
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Bipolar Junction Transistor (BJT)
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Characteristics of BJT
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Applications of BJT
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Section 7: Digital Electronics
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Current Steering Logic DAC
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Characteristics of ADC and DAC
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Resolution
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Quantization
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Significant Bits
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Conversion/Settling Time
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Basics of Number Systems, Input-Output Interfacing, and more
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Section 8: Measurements
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Q-Meter
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Voltage, Current, and Power Measurement in Single and Three Phase Circuits
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AC and DC Current Probes
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True RMS Meters
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Voltage and Current Scaling
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SI Units and Standards
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R (Resistance)
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L (Inductance)
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C (Capacitance)
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Voltage
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Current
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Frequency
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Expression of Uncertainty
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Accuracy and Precision
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Propagation of Errors
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Linear and Weighted Regression
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Measurement Bridges
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Wheatstone Bridge
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Kelvin Bridge
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Megohm Bridge and more
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Section 9: Communication and Optical Instrumentation
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Analog Modulation and Demodulation
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Amplitude Modulation (AM)
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Frequency Modulation (FM)
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Digital Modulation Techniques
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Amplitude Shift Keying (ASK)
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Phase Shift Keying (PSK)
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Frequency Shift Keying (FSK), etc.
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Optical Sources and Detectors
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Light Emitting Diode (LED)
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Laser
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Photodiode
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Light Dependent Resistor (LDR)
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Square Law Detector
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Section 10: Sensors and Industrial Instrumentation
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Resistive Sensors
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Capacitive Sensors
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Inductive Sensors
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