Difference Between Deoxyribose and Ribose

Difference Between Deoxyribose and Ribose : DNA and nucleic acids in general are important macromolecules for the continuation of life. The genetic material passed down from parents to offspring is called DNA, and it contains the instructions for making the many proteins required to create and sustain living cells, tissues, and organisms.

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Nitrogenous bases

• The carbon-based molecules that are made up of nitrogenous bases of nucleotides are positioned in ring configurations that have nitrogen.
• In a DNA nucleotide Adenine (A), guanine (G), cytosine (C), and thymine nitrogenous bases are present.
• Two types of ring structures are present that include purine ring and pyrimidine ring. Purine ring has two fused carbon-nitrogen ring in their structure that includes guanine and adenine while pyrimidine has only one carbon-nitrogen ring that includes cytosine and thymine are pyrimidines.
• In RNA nucleotide uracil is present in the place of thymine have a different pyrimidine base.
• Each base has a different structure that has its functional group attached to the structure of the ring.

Sugars

• Sugar and base composition of DNA and RNA nucleotides are different.
• Five carbon sugar ring in DNA is known as deoxyribose sugar while in RNA it is known as ribose sugar.
• The structural difference between Ribose and deoxyribose is only that Ribose has a hydroxyl group present at the second carbon while carbon of deoxyribose has a hydrogen group.
• A nucleotide's sugar molecule has carbon atoms numbered 1′, 2′, 3′, 4′, and 5′ (1′ is pronounced "one prime").
• At a center of a nucleotide sugar is present with the phosphate group connected to its 5′ carbon and the base attached to its 1′ carbon.

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Phosphate

Polynucleotide chains

Ribose Sugar

Deoxyribose Sugar

Features of DNA

• DNA stands for Deoxyribonucleic Acid which is a double helix in structure and forms two complementary chains that are stuck with each other.
• Sugar and phosphate are present on the outside of the helix that forms the backbone of DNA and is known as the sugar-phosphate backbone.
• The nitrogenous bases extend inside in pairs that are bound to each other by hydrogen bonds.

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Difference Between Ribose and Deoxyribose Sugar