Sodium Hydroxide Formula: Structure and Properties

As an inorganic compound, sodium hydroxide is usually found at room temperature as a white solid. NaOH is the chemical formula for sodium hydroxide, which is composed of sodium Na+ cations and hydroxide anions. The chemical formula is NaOH. A variety of products are manufactured from caustic soda, also known as Iye or caustic soda, including paper, soap and detergents, pulp, explosives, liquid drain cleaners, and oven cleaners.

Overview Of Sodium Hydroxide Formula

Also Read : Malic Acid Formula

Properties of Sodium Hydroxide

• Pure sodium hydroxide is a white crystalline solid.
• There is no odour to it.
• Solid sodium hydroxide is soluble in water, glycerol, and ethanol. Mixing it with water results in a highly exothermic reaction.
• It has a viscosity of about 78 mPas, which is higher than water.
• Some known hydrates are Heptahydrate, Pentahydrate, Tetrahydrate, Trihemihydrate, Trihydrate, Dihydrate, and Monohydrate.
• NaOH and its monohydrate can form orthorhombic crystals with space groups such as Cmcm (oS8) and Pbca (oP24).
• Carbon dioxide and water can be quickly absorbed from the air by it.
• Liquid forms are also possible.

Also Check - Discovery of Proton Formula

• The Na(+1) ion and OH(-1) ion form an ionic bond.
• Water and salts can be formed when it reacts with protic acids.
• With a pH of 13, it has a high acidity.
• Amphoteric hydroxides or oxides are commonly leached with sodium hydroxide.
• Hydroxide contains a covalent bond between oxygen and hydrogen.

Also Check - Electronegativity Formula

Structure of Sodium Hydroxide

• Sodium ion (Na+)
• Oxygen atom (O)
• Hydrogen atom (H)

Also Check - Monatomic Gases Formula

How to Make Sodium Hydroxide?

Uses of Sodium Hydroxide

• In industry, sodium hydroxide is a popular strong base.
• NaOH is used for the manufacture of sodium salts and detergents, pH regulation, and organic synthesis.
• It is most commonly handled as a solution in bulk.
• In the petroleum industry, caustic soda is used as an additive in drilling fluids to increase alkalinity in bentonite mud systems, to increase viscosity, and to neutralize acid gas.
• It is used to make soaps and detergents.
• As well as creating artificial textile fibres (such as Rayon), it is also used in the manufacture of paper.
• The paper industry consumes 25% of the caustic soda produced by the industry, which employs 56%.
• It is used to degrease metals, refine oil, and make dyes and bleaches.

Also Check - Value of Gas Constant Formula

Storage

Harmful Effects of Sodium Hydroxide

• In spite of Sodium Hydroxide's advantages, there are some limitations you should be aware of.
• One must be very careful when using sodium hydroxide because it is capable of dissolving human tissue.
• It may cause permanent blindness if it comes into contact with the eye.
• It can cause severe burns if it comes into contact with the skin.
• Solvation is an exothermic process that may lead to splashing. It may come into contact with the eyes or skin.