Difference Between Endotoxins and Exotoxins with Examples

Difference Between Endotoxins And Exotoxins Overview

Toxins produced by live organisms are known as endotoxins and exotoxins. The human body produces toxins. These compounds are toxic enough to cause sickness when they come into touch with or are absorbed by bodily tissues. Toxins may help injured cells' immunological responses, cause harm, and slow cellular functions. Toxins range in severity from mild to lethal. It helps pathogenic microorganisms in their pathological phase. The detailed difference between endotoxins and exotoxins is provided in the tabular format in the article below.

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Difference Between Endotoxins And Exotoxins

Toxins are toxic compounds composed of proteins, tiny molecules, and peptides. These compounds are potent enough to cause illness when they come into contact with bodily tissues or are absorbed. It may aid cell damage by activating immune responses and slowing cellular functions. It ranges in severity from small to fatal. It aids in the pathogenesis of harmful microorganisms. Endotoxins and exotoxins are two types of toxins. The distinction between these poisons is due to how bacteria produce them. Endotoxins are lipopolysaccharide-protein complexes (LPS) secreted by bacteria upon cell death. It is weather-resistant and heat-stable. Exotoxins are proteins generated by a few bacterial species. The difference between endotoxins and exotoxins is given in the table below.

Endotoxins

Endotoxins are found in the bacteria's outer membrane. It is indicated as a cell-associated chemical responsible for bacterial structure. Endotoxins are often referred to as lipopolysaccharides (LPS). LPS may be present on the surface of Gram-negative bacteria. LPS is released after bacterial cell death. Toxicity is connected to the lipid component, whereas immunogenicity is related to the polysaccharide components. Lipopolysaccharides cause inflammation and activate complement via an alternate mechanism. Gram-negative bacteria create a small quantity of endotoxin during their development. Endotoxins are crucial in strengthening natural immunity. 

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Exotoxins

Exotoxin is a toxin released by bacteria. Exotoxins can affect the host by obliterating cells or interfering with normal cell digestion. They are extremely powerful and can inflict substantial harm to the host. Exotoxins may be released or, like endotoxins, may be supplied during phone lysis. Gram-negative microorganisms may release external layer vesicles with lipopolysaccharide endotoxin along with specific destructiveness proteins in the bouncing film, as well as a few other toxins as intra-vesicular items, thus adding a previously unexpected component to the well-known eukaryotic cycle of film vesicle dealing, which is highly dynamic at the host-microbe interface.