Class 12 Economics Syllabus 2025-26, Topics, Marks Distribution
Mridula Sharma5 Apr, 2025
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Class 12 Economics Syllabus: The Class 12 Economics syllabus 2025-26 is available for download from the official website of CBSE. This syllabus, released by CBSE, provides a term-wise breakdown of the topics to be covered in the economics course for the Class 12 Economics Exam. It is a comprehensive guide for students, outlining the content and concepts they will study throughout the academic year.
The Class 12 Economics syllabus is carefully designed to impart fundamental knowledge and skills related to the subject. It covers a wide range of topics that are crucial for understanding economics. Students will delve into statistical tools used in economics, gaining proficiency in data analysis and interpretation. They will explore the principles of supply and demand, studying how market forces interact to determine prices and quantities. Market structures, including perfect competition, monopolistic competition, oligopoly, and monopoly, will be examined to understand their impact on market behavior.Additionally, students will learn about cost and revenue concepts, enabling them to analyze business profitability and decision-making. A significant focus of the Class 12 Economics syllabus is on the Indian economy. Students will gain insights into the structure, sectors, and policies that shape the Indian economy's functioning. They will explore topics such as poverty, unemployment, agriculture, industry, and services, examining their interrelationships and significance in the Indian economy. By following the Class 12 Economics syllabus, Commerce Class 12 students will acquire a comprehensive understanding of economic principles, analytical skills, and the ability to apply economic concepts to real-world situations.
Class 12 Economics Syllabus 2025-26
The latest syllabus for Class 12 Economics by CBSE for the academic year 2025-26 is out now. It's been updated with eight units covering important topics like national income, money and banking, income and employment, government budget's impact, balance of payments, India's development, and a project. Key changes in the syllabus:- More focus on using economics to solve real-world problems
- New topics like financial inclusion and sustainable development added
- Some topics, like public debt, have been removed
- There's a stronger emphasis on understanding the government's role in the economy.
CBSE Class 12th Economics Syllabus
2025-26
CBSE Class 12 Economics Syllabus Marks Distribution
Check the marks distribution of the Class 12 Economics Syllabus given in the table below:
| CBSE Class 12 Economics Syllabus Marks Distribution | ||
| Units | Topics | Marks |
| Part A | Introductory Macroeconomics | |
| National Income and Related Aggregates | 10 | |
| Money and Banking | 06 | |
| Determination of Income and Employment | 12 | |
| Government Budget and the Economy | 06 | |
| Balance of Payments | 06 | |
| Total | 40 | |
| Part B | Indian Economic Development | |
| Development Experience (1947-90) and Economic Reforms since 1991 | 12 | |
| Current Challenges Facing Indian Economy | 20 | |
| Development Experience of India – A Comparison with Neighbours | 08 | |
| Theory Paper (40 + 40 = 80 Marks) | 40 | |
| Part C | Project Work | 20 |
CBSE Class 12 Economics Syllabus
The Class 12 Economics syllabus is divided into three parts: Part A covers Introductory Macroeconomics, focusing on national income, money, banking, income determination, government budget, and balance of payments. Part B delves into Indian Economic Development, examining historical experiences, economic reforms, current challenges, and India's development compared to its neighbors. Lastly, Part C involves a project in Economics. Each chapter provides valuable insights into economic principles and the functioning of economies, with Macroeconomics standing out as a fundamental topic.
| CBSE Class 12 Economics Syllabus | |
|---|---|
| Unit | Topics Covered |
| Part A: Introductory Macroeconomics | |
| Unit 1: National Income and Related Aggregates | Macroeconomics basics, Circular flow of income, Methods of calculating National Income, GDP and Welfare |
| Unit 2: Money and Banking | Money, Money creation, Central bank functions, Control of Credit, Open Market Operations |
| Unit 3: Determination of Income and Employment | Aggregate demand, Propensity to consume and save, Short-run equilibrium, Full employment and unemployment |
| Unit 4: Government Budget and the Economy | Government budget, Classification of receipts and expenditure, Balanced, Surplus, and Deficit Budgets |
| Unit 5: Balance of Payments | Balance of payments account, Foreign exchange rates, Managed Floating exchange rate system |
| Part B: Indian Economic Development | |
| Unit 6: Development Experience (1947-90) and Economic Reforms Since 1991 | Indian economy pre-independence, Five Year Plans, Economic Reforms post-1991, Demonetization, GST |
| Unit 7: Current Challenges Facing Indian Economy | Human Capital Formation, Rural Development, Employment, Sustainable Economic Development |
| Unit 8: Development Experience of India | Comparison with neighbors, Issues like economic growth, population, and sectoral development |
| Part C: Project In Economics | |
Class 12 Economics Project
CBSE has set aside 20 marks for the project, which counts towards 100 marks. Students must create one project file on a topic from the syllabus that connects with what they've been learning. The goal of including projects is to help students develop better interpersonal and communication skills. Engaging in a project offers plenty of chances for learning and personal growth.
Class 12 Economics Syllabus FAQs
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