CBSE Class 12 Informatics Practices Syllabus 2025-26

CBSE Class 12 Informatics Practices Syllabus 

There are six units in the CBSE Class 12 Informatics Practices Syllabus, which are listed below.

• Data Handling using Pandas and Data Visualization
• Database Query using SQL
• Introduction to Computer Networks
• Societal Impacts
• Project
• Practical Work

Unit 1 Data Handling using Pandas and Data Visualization

Introduction to Python Libraries: Pandas and Matplotlib Data Structures in Pandas: Series and DataFrames Series:

• Creation from ndarray, dictionary, scalar value
• Mathematical operations
• Head and Tail functions
• Selection, Indexing, and Slicing

DataFrames:

• Creation from a dictionary of Series, list of dictionaries, Text/CSV files
• Display and iteration
• Operations on rows and columns: add, select, delete, rename
• Head and Tail functions
• Indexing using Labels, Boolean Indexing

Importing/Exporting Data: Between CSV files and DataFrames Data Visualization: Purpose of Plotting Drawing and saving various types of plots using Matplotlib: line plot, bar graph, histogram Customizing Plots: Adding label, title, and legend in plots

Unit 2 Database Query using SQL

Database Concepts and SQL Commands (Class XI Revision) SQL Commands: Revision of database concepts and SQL commands covered in Class XI Math Functions:

• POWER(), ROUND(), MOD()
• Text Functions:
• UCASE()/UPPER(), LCASE()/LOWER()
• MID()/SUBSTRING()/SUBSTR(), LENGTH(), LEFT(), RIGHT()
• INSTR(), LTRIM(), RTRIM(), TRIM()

Date Functions: NOW(), DATE(), MONTH(), MONTHNAME(), YEAR(), DAY(), DAYNAME() Aggregate Functions:

• MAX(), MIN(), AVG(), SUM(), COUNT()
• Using COUNT(*)

Querying and Manipulating Data:

• Group by, Having, Order by

Working with Multiple Tables:

• Using equi-join

Unit 3 Introduction to Computer Networks

Introduction to Networks: Types of networks: PAN, LAN, MAN, WAN Network Devices: Modem, Hub, Switch, Repeater, Router, Gateway Network Topologies: Star, Bus, Tree, Mesh Introduction to the Internet: URL, WWW, and its applications: Web, Email, Chat, VoIP Website Basics:

• Introduction
• Difference between a website and a webpage
• Static vs Dynamic web page
• Web server and hosting of a website

Web Browsers:

• Introduction
• Commonly used browsers
• Browser settings
• Add-ons and plug-ins
• Cookies

Unit 4 Societal Impacts

Digital Etiquettes and Awareness:

• Digital footprint
• Net and communication etiquettes
• Data protection
• Intellectual property rights (IPR)
• Plagiarism
• Licensing and copyright
• Free and open-source software (FOSS)

Cybersecurity:

• Cybercrime and cyber laws
• Hacking
• Phishing
• Cyberbullying
• Overview of the Indian IT Act

E-Waste Management:

• Hazards and management

Technology Usage and Health:

• Awareness about health concerns related to the usage of technology

Unit 5 Project

This unit requires the students to:

• Create a practical IT application.
• Explore local environments (shops, communities, organizations).
• Understand how data is generated, stored, and managed.
• Use Python libraries to analyze data.
• Generate charts for visualization.
• Use Python libraries of choice.
• Develop software for school or social good.
• Sensitize learners to avoid plagiarism and copyright violations.
• Properly reference all project resources (data, images, etc.).
• Projects can be done individually or in groups (2 to 3 students).
• Start the project at least 6 months before the submission deadline.

Unit 6 Practical Work

The following unit/topics are included in the class 12 IP practical work:

• Programs using Pandas and Matplotlib
• SQL Queries
• Practical file (minimum of 15 programs based on Pandas, 4 based on
• Matplotlib and 15 SQL queries must be included)
• Project Work (using concepts learned in class XI and XII)
• Viva-Voce

Tips to Excel in Class 12 Informatics Practices Exam

The following are the tips to excel in Class 12 Informatics Practices:

Learn the Concepts: Place a greater focus on understanding the fundamental ideas than on memorization. This method enables the practical application of information in a range of contexts.

Frequent Practice:  By practicing often, you may improve your programming abilities. Take on projects, work through programming puzzles, and research practical applications to get useful real-world experience.

Examine Previous Question Papers:  Get familiar with the formats and question types from past years' exams. Using these practice papers will help you improve your time management and problem-solving skills.

Work together and talk about:  Engage in peer study circles and group discussions. Sharing your understanding of ideas with others and experimenting with different methods helps you become more knowledgeable and extend your perspective.

Remain Up to Date:  Keep up with the most recent developments in the world of informatics practices. remain up to date on developing developments, read blogs on technology, and sign up for pertinent emails to help you remain ahead in your studies.

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