What is The Full Form of RNA ? | Physics Wallah
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Explain What is the full form of RNA?
RNA's full form is ribonucleic acid. RNA is one of the essential nucleic acids in the body, while DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid) is the other. According to RNA theory, it is the first genetic material from which the entire genetic code has been extracted and from which early life originates. RNA is a molecule that replicates. RNA is, to put it simply, the forerunner of every way of life that exists in this world today.
About RNA
Structure of RNA
The structure of RNA is explained below.
1.The RNA molecule consists of phosphoric acid, a pentose sugar, and some cyclic bases that contain nitrogen.
2.RNA has β-D-ribose as part of sugar. Guanine (G), adenine (A), cytosine (C) and uracil (U) are existing heterocyclic bases in RNA. The fourth RNA base is different from the DNA base.
3.Adenine and uracil are known as the main basic block of RNA and both form base pairs with the help of 2 hydrogen bonds.
4.RNA consists primarily of a single strand that sometimes bends backward.
5.RNA has a hair structure and, like DNA nucleotides, nucleotides are generated in this ribonucleic material (RNA). Nucleosides are like phosphate groups, which also often help in the synthesis of nucleotides in DNA.
Types of RNA
There are different types of RNA, the most well-known and studied of which are in the human body
1.TRNA (RNA transfer)
RNA transfer is responsible for identifying the right proteins or amino acids that the body requires to help ribosomes in turn. It is placed at the endpoints of each amino acid. It is also called soluble RNA and represents the link between amino acids and transfer RNA.
2.mRNA (messenger RNA)
mRNA is responsible, as the title suggests, for the transfer of genetic material to the ribosome and determines what type of protein the body needs. This is also known as messenger RNA. This mRNA is commonly used in transcription and the process of protein production.
3.rRNA (ribosomal RNA)
rRNA is a component of the ribosome, which is located inside the cytoplasm of the cell, where the ribosomes are located. Ribosomal RNA is primarily required for the synthesis and translation of mRNA into proteins for all living things. RRNA consists primarily of cellular RNA and is the most abundant RNA in all forms of cellular life.
Functions of RNA
The functions of RNA are shown below.
1. It enables faster translation of DNA into proteins.
2. It functions as an adaptive molecule that synthesizes proteins.
3. RNA acts as a transporter between DNA and ribosomes.
4. For all living organisms, RNA is a transporter of genetic material.
5. It encourages ribosomes to choose the right amino acid needed to build new proteins in the body.
