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In biology, the topic of viruses falls under the field of microbiology and virology. Viruses are microscopic infectious agents that can infect living cells, hijack their cellular machinery, and replicate inside host organisms.
What is virus Class 12 Biology?
In Class 12 Biology, the study of viruses involves understanding their structure, classification, replication mechanisms, and the diseases they cause. This knowledge is crucial for comprehending both basic biological concepts and the impact of viruses on human health.
What is virus Class 11 NCERT?
In Class 11 NCERT (National Council of Educational Research and Training), the study of viruses may cover their classification, structure, and general characteristics. The information provided in NCERT textbooks aims to give students a foundational understanding of viruses
What is virus 2 marks?
In the context of exams, when a question is marked for 2 marks, it typically requires a concise but comprehensive response. For a question related to viruses, you might be expected to provide brief information about their structure, replication, or impact on host organisms within the allotted marks.
What is virus NCERT?
In NCERT textbooks, the coverage of viruses generally includes their classification, structure, and basic features. NCERT materials aim to provide a standardized and comprehensive understanding of the subject matter for students at various educational levels.
MCQ On Virus For NEET Biology With Solutions
Learn about the virus and solve the mcqs given on virus. These MCQ on Virus are based on NEET biology section and can help in NEET 2025 examanination.
Krati Saraswat16 May, 2024
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Mcq On Virus:
A virus is a microscopic, infectious agent that can invade and replicate within living organisms. These tiny particles consist of genetic material, either DNA or RNA, wrapped in a protective protein coat called a capsid.
Lacking the ability to reproduce independently, viruses rely on host cells to carry out their replication process. Once inside a suitable host cell, they hijack the cellular machinery for their own benefit and begin synthesizing new viral components.
MCQ On Virus Introduction
The newly formed viruses assemble themselves before breaking free from the infected cell and initiating further infections elsewhere in the body or spreading to other individuals through various transmission routes such as direct contact or respiratory droplets.
Viruses come in many forms and have different modes of transmission; some target specific organs while others cause systemic infections impacting multiple bodily systems. Understanding how viruses operate is essential for preventing and managing infectious diseases caused by these minuscule yet significant agents that continuously challenge our immune systems.
Q 1. Which of the following statements is incorrect?
Viroids are smaller than viruses.
RNA was found to be free in viroid.
The RNA of the viroid is of high molecular weight.
In 1971, T.O. Diener discovered it.
Answer-
c, The RNA of the viroid is of high molecular weight.
Explanation:
Viroids are infectious agents that consist of a single-stranded RNA molecule, but they are significantly smaller than viruses. Viroids are smaller than viruses because they lack a protein coat (capsid) that is typically present in viruses.
Viroids were indeed found to be free RNA molecules, meaning they do not require any associated proteins for their infectivity. They are composed solely of RNA.
In 1971, T.O. Diener discovered viroids. His research led to the identification and characterization of these unique infectious RNA agents.
Q 2. Which of the following diseases is not caused by Prions?
In cattle, bovine spongiform encephalopathy (BSE) occurs
Cr-Jacob disease (CJD) in humans.
Mad cow disease in cattle
Potato Spindle Tuber disease
Answer-
d, Potato Spindle Tuber disease
Explanation:
Prions are a type of infectious agent that causes Bovine spongiform encephalopathy (BSE) in cattle, Creutzfeld-Jacob disease (CJD) in humans, and Mad Cow Disease in cattle. However, the Potatoe Spindle Tuber virus is caused by a viral agent called Potato Spindle Tuber Virus.
Q 3. Which of the following pathogenic diseases could have the symptoms like mosaic formation, leaf rolling and curling, yellowing and vein clearing, dwarfing, and stunted growth?
Viral
Bacterial
Fungal
Deficiency syndrome.
Answer-
a, Viral
Explanation:
These symptoms are commonly associated with viral diseases in plants. Let's briefly discuss each symptom:
Mosaic formation, leaf rolling and curling, yellowing and vein clearing, as well as dwarfing and stunted growth, are all potential symptoms of a viral infection. Mosaic patterns may appear due to abnormal pigmentation, while leaves can become curled or rolled causing distortion and abnormal growth. Chlorosis may lead to yellowing of the leaves while veins can be cleared resulting in a mottled appearance. Stunted development or dwarfing can also be caused by viral diseases that disrupt normal plant growth.
While bacterial and fungal diseases can also cause symptoms in plants, the specific combination of symptoms mentioned (mosaic formation, leaf rolling and curling, yellowing and vein clearing, dwarfing, and stunted growth) is commonly associated with viral infections. Deficiency syndromes, on the other hand, are caused by nutritional imbalances and typically do not display the mentioned symptoms.
Q 4. Interferons curb infection of
Fungi
Bacteria
cancer
None of these
Answer-
d,
None of these
Explanation:
In response to viruses, bacteria, or other foreign substances, cells release interferons. These proteins help protect the body's cells from being infected and help fight off existing infections.
Q 5. First time a virus has been synthesized as a non-living crystal
Pox virus
Flu virus
Tobacco mosaic virus
Bacteriophage
Answer-
c, Tobacco mosaic virus
Explanation:
Tobacco mosaic virus. The tobacco mosaic virus (TMV) was the first virus to be discovered and is made of a single strand of RNA surrounded by a protein capsid. It was first synthesized in the form of non-living crystals in 1935 by Wendell Stanley.
Q 6. Causative of Chickenpox is
Bacteriophage T-2
varicella virus
sv-40 virus
Adenovirus
Answer-
b, Varicella virus
Explanation:
The causative of Chickenpox is the Varicella-Zoster virus. Bacteriophage T-2, SV-40 Virus, and Adenovirus are not the cause of Chickenpox.
Q 7. The causes of the "potato mosaic" disease are
Fungi
Bacteria
Virus
Mycoplasma
Answer-
c, Virus
Explanation:
Virus. Potato mosaic disease is caused by a virus in the Potyviridae family, which infects potato plants and causes significant losses in crop productivity and quality.
Q 8. Which of the following shows the coiled strands of RNA and capsomeres?
Poliovirus
Tobacco mosaic virus
Measles virus
Retrovirus
Answer-
b, Tobacco mosaic virus
Explanation:
The structure of the Tobacco mosaic virus (TMV) is characterized by a coiled RNA strand and capsomeres. TMV is a plant virus that infects various plant species, including tobacco plants. Its genetic material is a single-stranded RNA molecule that forms a helical or coiled structure. The capsomeres refer to the protein subunits that make up the viral capsid, which is the protective protein coat surrounding the viral genetic material.
The polio virus, measles virus, and retrovirus do not exhibit the specific combination of a coiled RNA strand and capsomeres as seen in the TMV structure.
Q 9. The rabies virus consists of
Single-stranded RNA
Double-stranded RNA
Single-stranded DNA
Double-stranded DNA
Answer-
a, Single-Stranded RNA
Explanation:
The rabies virus consists of Single-stranded RNA. Rabies is an infectious disease that’s caused by the rabies virus, which is a single-stranded RNA virus belonging to the Lyssavirus genus. The virus is found all over the world, infecting both wild and domesticated animals, and also humans.
Q 10. The term "virion is used for
Mycoplasma colony
Group of viruses
Nostoc colony
Single virus
Answer-
d, Single Virus
As a single virus, a virion is composed of a nucleic acid (DNA or RNA) surrounded by a protein coat and sometimes an envelope of lipids. Virion infections can invade and replicate in cells.
Q 11. The genetic material in viruses is
Only RNA
Only DNA
RNA and DNA both
RNA or DNA i.e. one nucleic acid in a virus
Answer-
d, RNA or DNA i.e. one nucleic acid in a virus
Explanation:
As a single virus, a virion is composed of a nucleic acid (DNA or RNA) surrounded by a protein coat and sometimes an envelope of lipids. Virion infections can invade and replicate in cells.
Q 12. Each capsomere of TMV contains amino acids whose number is
158
185
815
581
Answer-
a, 158
Explanation:
The number of amino acids present in each capsomere of the Tobacco mosaic virus (TMV) is 158.
TMV is a rod-shaped virus that consists of a helical arrangement of capsomeres, which are protein subunits forming the viral capsid. Each capsomere is made up of a single protein molecule called the coat protein. The coat protein of TMV is composed of 158 amino acids.
These coat proteins self-assemble to form the helical structure of the virus, enclosing the single-stranded RNA genome within the capsid. The 158 amino acids in each capsomere play a crucial role in the structure, stability, and function of the Tobacco mosaic virus.
Q 13. This is a communicable disease
Rabies
Cancer
Alkaptonuria
Phenylketonuria
Answer-
a, Rabies
Explanation:
As a single virus, a virion is composed of a nucleic acid (DNA or RNA) surrounded by a protein coat and sometimes an envelope of lipids. Virion infections can invade and replicate in cells.
Q 14. Hydrophobia or rabies is a disease caused by
Protozoan
Nematode
virus
Helminth
Answer-
c, virus
Explanation:
Yes, hydrophobia or rabies is a viral disease caused by the Rhabdoviridae virus, known as the flaccid paralysis virus. The virus attacks neurons and causes a wide range of symptoms, including fever, confusion, paralysis, and eventually death. It is usually spread through the bite of an infected animal and can be prevented with early vaccination.
Q 15. Viruses did not find a place in classification because —
There is no cellular structure in them
They can be crystallized
There is no cellular structure in them
All of the above
Answer-
d, All of the above
Explanation:
Viruses did not find a place in classification because they do not possess a cellular structure, they can be crystallized, and they do not divide outside the cell.
