MCQ On Lysosomes For NEET Biology With Answers
Krati Saraswat5 Apr, 2024
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MCQ On Lysosomes Introduction
MCQ on Lysosomes: Lysosomes, a cell organelle with a membrane around it, contain digestive enzymes. Lysosomes play a role in a variety of biological processes. They break down extracellular or worn-out cell parts. They can be used to get rid of invasive viruses and bacteria. When a cell sustains irreparable damage, a process known as apoptosis, which is facilitated by lysosomes, takes place.
It stores the digesting enzymes that require this environment's low pH and acidity. These are hydrolytic enzymes, which break down large molecules into smaller ones. big proteins, big carbohydrates, and large lipids can all be broken down into individual fatty acids, amino acids, or simple sugars. To destroy germs, the lysosome has another feeding mechanism. Thus, the lysosomes also serve as a defense mechanism against infection, and a bacterium will frequently be engorged by a cell and placed there for eventual lysosomal eradication. Thus, the lysosome is a vital organelle that fights infection and serves a nutritional purpose by dissolving large molecules into smaller ones. This article will discuss some Multiple-choice questions related to lysosomes that are important for NEET examination.| NEET 2024 Exam Important Links | |
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MCQ On Lysosomes For NEET Biology With Answers
Our Lysosomes Multiple-Choice Questions (MCQs) for NEET Biology are intended to improve your knowledge of this important biological component. Lysosomes, sometimes called the "garbage disposal" of the cell, are essential for intracellular digestion and waste elimination. Our well constructed multiple-choice questions (MCQs) address a range of topics, such as lysosomal functioning, related disorders, and related enzymes. These are great questions to use as you prepare for NEET Biology because they allow you to evaluate and improve your knowledge. Assess your knowledge on lysosomal storage disorders, autophagy, and the importance of lysosomes' acidic pH. You may get the most out of your study time by adding these multiple-choice questions to your NEET Biology section. Our focused questions and extensive answers will help you stay ahead of the curve in your exam preparation and guarantee that you fully understand the core topics. Improve your NEET Biology score with our customized multiple-choice questions that are designed to match the most recent curriculum and test trends. To succeed in the forthcoming NEET Biology test, embrace efficient and targeted preparation with our instructional tools.MCQ On Lysosomes
Q 1. Which of the following organelles uses hydrolytic enzymes to manage intracellular macromolecule digestion?
- Plastid
- Peroxisome
- Lysosome.
- Actin
Answer- Option (3) is correct.
Explanation: Hydrolytic enzymes that govern the intracellular breakdown of macromolecules are found in membrane-bound compartments called lysosomes. About 40 distinct hydrolytic enzyme types are present. Proteins, nucleic acids, carbohydrates, and lipids may all be broken down by the variety of enzymes found in lysosomes, membrane-enclosed organelles.
Lysosomes serve as the cell's digestive system, breaking down substances brought in from the outside and breaking down unused parts of the cell. Lysosomes usually appear as thick, spherical vacuoles; however, they can exhibit significant size and shape diversity due to variances in the substances taken up for digestion. Thus, lysosomes are morphologically varied organelles united by digesting intracellular substances.Q 2. Which one is not a lysosome's hydrolytic enzyme?
- Aldolase,
- Phosphatases,
- Sulfatases,
- Lipases.
Answer- Option (4) is correct.
Explanation: 40 different types of hydrolytic enzymes, including lipases, sulphatases, phosphatases, and glycosidases, are found in lysosomes. The lysosome offers an acidic environment for these enzymes, which is where they function best. Lipase is not present in food and is largely synthesized in the pancreas. Although plant alternatives have gained popularity, lipase supplements are mostly made from animal enzymes. Protease and amylase enzymes can be administered together with lipase.
Q 3. What are amphisomes?
- The early endosome.
- Fusion of the endosome with the autophagosome.
- Vacuole
- Lysosomes that are larger in size.
Answer- Option (2) is correct.
Explanation: Autophagosomes and endosomes joining together create an amphisome. For digestion, this amphisome continues to bind with the lysosome. A macromolecular release into the cytosol will happen as a result.
The union of autophagosomes and endosomes during autophagy results in the formation of amphisomes, which are intermediate organelles. Various cell types have been shown to have complex multivesicular vacuoles that resemble amphisomes, however, it is unclear if they perform any cellular functions except acting as precursor structures. These elements combine to create amphisome-like compartments that control mucin production in goblet cells, despite the fact that autophagy-related (ATG) proteins interact with the endocytic pathways in other processes other than autophagy.Q 4. The process of a cell digesting one of its own components is called
- Autophagy,
- Heterophagy,
- Phagocytosis,
- Pinocytosis.
Answer- Option (1) is correct.
Explanation: Autophagy is the process by which a cell digests itself. Autophagic vacuoles, also known as autophagosomes, contain the cell's own components and fuse to the lysosome, where the component breakdown occurs.
Q 5. Which of the following processes mediates the release of melanosomes from melanocytes?
- Autophagy,
- Endocytosis,
- Pinocytosis,
- Exocytosis.
Answer- Option (4) is correct.
Explanation: Under stress, cells discharge undigested material by lysosome exocytosis. It is only a little route. Skin's melanocytes store their pigment in lysosomes, which then release it into the epidermis' extracellular space.
Q 6. What of the following removes extra water from the cell?
- Lysosome
- Contractile vacuole
- The peroxisome
- Vacuoles
Answer- Option (2) is correct.
Explanation: Because it aids in osmoregulation, the contractile vacuole differs from other vacuoles. It is mostly present in protists and functions to remove extra water from the cell.
Q 7. What was the name of the single membrane that covered the vacuoles?
- Contractile vacuole,
- Tonoplast,
- Meninges,
- Sarcolemma.
Answer- Option (2) is correct.
Explanation: Vacuoles are substantial, liquid-filled vesicles that are found in the majority of plant and fungal cells. Tonoplast is a single membrane that encloses them.
Q 8. Which of the following organelles serves as a plant lysosome?
- Peroxisome;
- Contractile vacuole
- Plastid,
- Vacuole.
Answer- Option (4) is correct.
Explanation: Vacuoles are present in plants and fungi, and they contain a range of hydrolytic enzymes similar to those found in lysosomes in animal cells. Transport protein in the vacuolar membrane maintains the vacuolar membrane's acidic pH.
Q 9. The organelles that will be digested during autophagy are covered by a ______________
- Protein coat
- Oligosaccharides
- Double membrane
- Single membrane
Answer- Option (3) is correct.
Explanation: During autophagy, the cell's organelles are combined and then devoured by lysosomes. The degrading organelle is wrapped in a double membrane before fusion, creating an autophagosome.
Q 10. N-acetylglucosamine phosphotransferase catalyzes the following reactions:
- Phosphorylation of mannose;
- Phosphorylation of sucrose;
- Tethering of the Golgi stack;
- Alteration of integral proteins.
Answer- Option (1) is correct.
Explanation: The lysosomal enzymes that drive these proteins to the lysosomes following their production from Golgi complex include mannose 6-phosphate residues. The mannose residues are added by N-acetylglucosamine phosphotransferase to lysosomal enzymes.
Q 11. Lysosomal storage disorders are brought on by ______________.
- A lack of lysosomes,
- A lack of a single lysosome,
- A lack of integral membrane proteins,
- An accumulation of lipofuschin granules.
Answer- Option (2) is correct.
Explanation: The lack of even a single lysosomal enzyme results in lysosomal storage diseases. For instance, a lack of alpha-glucosidase results in "Pompe disease." An elevated risk of pneumonia is brought on by weak respiratory muscles and difficulties swallowing. Peripheral muscular weakness and respiratory muscle weakness are signs of the adult form of Pompe disease, which can lead to poor results and a shorter life span.
Q 12. Gaucher illness is brought on by a lack of __________.
- Hexosaminidase A.
- Lysosomes
- Glucocerebrosidase,
- Mannose phosphate.
Answer- Option (3) is correct.
Explanation: A lack of the lysosomal enzyme glucocerebrosidase results in Gaucher's disease. Large amounts of glucocerebroside build up in macrophage lysosomes as a result of this deficit.
Q 13. The word for an autophagolysosome, when the digesting process is complete, is:
- Autophagosome
- Residual body
- Endosome
- Peroxisome
Answer- Option (2) is correct.
Explanation: A structure called an autophagolysosome is created when a lysosome and a double-membrane-wrapped organelle combine. This structure, known as the residual body, remains there after the digestion process is complete and is then prepared for exocytosis.
Q 14. Which sort of lysosome is created when the primary lysosome breaks down internal cellular components like mitochondria?
- Heterolysosomes,
- Phagolysosomes,
- Protolysosomes,
- Autolysosomes.
Answer- Option (4) is correct.
Explanation: When the main lysosome breaks down cellular components like mitochondria, autolysosomes are created. First, the ER's lipid membrane protects these organelles. An autophagosome is a name for this object. This autophagosome joins with the primary lysosome to produce the autolysosome.
Q 15. Which of the following types of lysosomes is created when a vacuole and a proto lysosome combine?
- Telolysosomes,
- Autolysosomes,
- Autophagosomes,
- Heterolysosomes.
Answer- Option (4) is correct.
Explanation: The initial lysosome, or proto lysosome, and the vacuole combine to generate the hetero-lysosome. The remaining bodies are another name for telo lysosomes. Primary lysosomes absorb intracellular components to generate autolysosomes, also known as autophagosomes.
Q 16. The discovery of lysosome is credited to
- Ernest Rutherford
- Albert V. Kolliker
- C. de Duve
- Camillo Golgi
Answer- Option (3) is correct.
Explanation: C. de Duve made the discovery of the lysosome in 1950. The nucleus was found by Ernest Rutherford. The mitochondria were found by Albert V. Kolliker. The Golgi body was discovered by Camillo Golgi. By using the fractionation procedure, a Belgian scientist named Christian de Duve accidentally found lysosomes in 1955. Novikoff (1956) used an electron microscope to see the organelles.
He also came up with the word "lysosomes." Lysosomes are tiny vesicles that are surrounded by a single membrane and contain hydrolytic enzymes in the form of tiny crystalline or semi-crystalline granules of 5-8 nm in size (Greek: lysis, meaning "digestive or loose," and soma, meaning "body").Q 17. Which of the following functions does the lysosome not perform?
- A role in development,
- A role in cell metabolism,
- A role in extracellular protein digestion,
- A role in protein synthesis.
Answer- Option (4) is correct.
Explanation: The lysosome serves a variety of purposes, including extracellular protein breakdown, cell metabolism, and development. Protein synthesis doesn't involve the lysosome. The genetic information needed to make proteins is stored in genes, which are sections of the genetic material. Protein synthesis is the term used to describe the process of creating proteins.
RNA polymerase uses free base pairs available in the cell's nucleus to start transcription of unzipped DNA into messenger ribosomal nucleic acid (mRNA), which is the first step. The mRNA subsequently moves from the nucleus' lipid bilayer into the cell's cytoplasm. Following the ribosome's reading of the mRNA, an amino acid chain is created by calling the appropriate tRNA or transfer ribosomal nucleic acid molecule. These long amino acid chains are folded into intricate structures to form proteins.Q 18. Which of the phrases below does not refer to the primary lysosome?
- Storage granules
- Protolysosomes
- Virgin Lysosomes
- Phagolysosomes
Answer- Option (4) is correct.
Explanation: Other names for primary lysosomes include storage granules, proto-lysosomes, and virgin lysosomes. One variety of secondary lysosomes is the phagolysosome. So, the word "phagolysosome" is not used to describe the main lysosome.
MCQ On Lysosomes For NEET Biology With Answers FAQs
Q1. Which organelle is referred to as the cell's "suicidal bags"?
Q2. Why are lysosomes referred to be a cell's "garbage trucks"?
Q3. Which of the following cells has the highest level of lysosomal activity?
Q4. Identify two illnesses brought on by lysosome dysfunction.
Q5. What is the source of lysosomes?
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