Biodiversity and Conservation MCQs For NEET Biology With Explanation

What is Biodiversity and Conservation?

Biodiversity means the variety of plants, animals, and microorganisms found on Earth. It includes different types of ecosystems, genetic diversity, and species diversity. Conservation is the process of protecting and managing biodiversity to ensure that natural resources are used wisely and do not get depleted.

Biodiversity is important for maintaining ecological balance. It provides food, medicine, and ecosystem services like oxygen production, pollination, and climate regulation. Conservation efforts help in saving endangered species and preserving the natural world for future generations.

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Biodiversity and Conservation MCQs with Explanations

Here is a practice set of Biodiversity and Conservation MCQs designed specifically for NEET aspirants.

Q1. Although India has only P percent of the world's land area, its share of the global species diversity is an impressive Q percent. Identify P and Q respectively.

1. P-3.4, Q-4.8

2. P-1.4, Q-6.8

3. P-2.4, Q-8.1

4. P-8.1, Q-9.2

Answer: (C) P-2.4, Q-8.1
Explanation: India has only 2.4% of the world’s land area, but it contributes about 8.1% of the global species diversity, making it one of the richest biodiversity regions in the world. 

Q2. Which one of the following is known as 'Lungs of the planet'?

1. Western Ghats

2. Amazon rain forest

3. Tropical rain forests

4. Sacred groves

Answer: (B) Amazon rain forest
Explanation: The Amazon rainforest is called the 'Lungs of the planet' because it is the largest forest on Earth and produces about 20% of the total oxygen in the atmosphere. 

Q3. Match List-I with List-II.

Choose the correct answer:

1. A-II, B-III, D-I

2. A-III, B-II, C-I, D-IV

3. A-IV, B-III, C-II, D-I

4. A-II, B-IV, C-I, D-III

Answer: (D) A-II, B-IV, C-I, D-III
Explanation: Endemism refers to species found only in a specific area. The Western Ghats are a biodiversity hotspot. Sacred groves are found in Khasi and Jaintia Hills. Cryopreservation is an advanced ex-situ conservation method. 

1. Fishes

2. Crustaceans

3. Insects

4. Molluscs

Answer: (C) Insects
Explanation: Insects are the most diverse group, comprising over 70% of all known animal species. 

Q5. The Earth Summit held in Rio de Janeiro in 1992 was called for:

1. Reducing CO₂ emissions and global warming

2. Conservation of biodiversity and sustainable utilization of its benefits

3. Assessing the threat posed to native species by invasive weed species

4. Discontinuing the use of CFCs that were damaging the ozone layer

Answer: (B) Conservation of biodiversity and sustainable utilization of its benefits
Explanation: The 1992 Earth Summit was a major international conference aimed at addressing environmental issues, including biodiversity conservation. 

Q6. Nearly how many plant species have been reported from India?

1. 30,000

2. 4,000

3. 45,000

4. 1,50,000

Answer: (C) 45,000
Explanation: India is home to about 45,000 plant species, making it one of the 12 mega-diversity countries. 

Q7. The largely tropical Amazonian rainforest in South America has the greatest biodiversity on Earth. It is home to more than how many species of fishes?

1. 3,000

2. 40,000

3. 1,300

4. 1,25,000

Answer: (A) 3,000
Explanation: The Amazon rainforest has over 3,000 species of fish, making it the most biodiverse region for aquatic life.

Q8. Select the odd one out in terms of narrowly utilitarian services of biodiversity.

1. Firewood

2. Foods

3. Oxygen

4. Industrial products

Answer: (C) Oxygen
Explanation: Oxygen is a broadly utilitarian service of biodiversity, while the others are narrowly utilitarian as they provide direct economic benefits. 

Q9. Select the odd one out in terms of alien species invasions.

1. Steller's sea cow

2. Lantana

3. Eichhornia

4. Carrot grass

Answer: (A) Steller's sea cow
Explanation: Steller’s sea cow is an extinct species, not an invasive species like the others listed. 

Q10. How many of the following sacred grove locations are correctly matched?

I. Aravalli Hills - Rajasthan

II. Western Ghats - Karnataka and Maharashtra

III. Chanda and Bastar areas - Madhya Pradesh

IV. Sarguja - Gujarat

1. One

2. Two

3. Three

4. Four

Answer: (C) Three
Explanation: Sacred groves exist in Aravalli Hills (Rajasthan), Western Ghats (Karnataka and Maharashtra), and Chanda and Bastar areas (Chhattisgarh, not MP).

Q11. Select the odd one out in terms of ex-situ conservation strategies.

1. Botanical garden

2. Zoological parks

3. Sacred groves

4. Wildlife safari parks

Answer: (C) Sacred groves
Explanation: Sacred groves are in-situ conservation strategies, while the others involve ex-situ conservation. 

Q12. The highest number of species in the world is represented by:

1. Algae

2. Lichens

3. Fungi

4. Mosses

Answer: (C) Fungi
Explanation: Fungi represent the highest number of known species among microorganisms. 

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