Chemical Coordination and Integration MCQ For Biology
Krati Saraswat2 Dec, 2024
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Chemical Coordination and Integration MCQ : The human body has millions of cells with different shapes, structures, and functions. The entire body functions as one unit because the activities of these cells are tightly coordinated and regulated by chemical and electrical signals. Chemical coordination is achieved through hormones which are cell signaling molecules.
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Chemical Coordination and Integration MCQ
These hormones are released by specialized endocrine glands which when released into the bloodstream, travel to their target location, and trigger a receptor response in the cell which in turn increases or decreases the metabolic activity. There are many important hormones in the human body and many questions are asked in the NEET exam every year.Chemical Coordination and Integration MCQ with Solution
Explore how our bodies talk to each other with Chemical Coordination and Integration MCQ with Solution. We ask questions about hormones and glands. The best part? We've got answers. Our solutions easily explain everything, helping you understand how these chemicals make sure everything in your body works together smoothly. It's like an amazing guide to learning how your body keeps everything coordinated and integrated. In this article, we will discuss some multiple-choice questions based on Chemical Coordination and integration.| NEET Exam Important Links | |
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Chemical Coordination and Integration MCQ For Biology
Q 1. What is the name of the adrenal cortex's outer layer?
- Zona reticularis
- Zona glomerulosa
- Zone pellucida
- Zone fasciculata
Answer- Option (2) is correct.
Explanation: The inner layer, also known as the zona reticularis, the middle layer, also known as the zona fasciculata, and the outer layer, also known as the zona glomerulosa, make up the adrenal cortex. In females, the ovum has a covering called the zona pellucida.
In the tissue of the adrenal gland, the cortex accounts for 85% of the total volume. A little interior portion (medulla) of this gland is also present. The adrenal gland is shaped and sized like a fortune cookie. Aldosterone is produced in the zona glomerulosa. This hormone has a wide range of effects on your body, including causing the retention of water, increasing the salt content in your intestines, and removing extra potassium from your body by passing urine.Q 2. In a man being pursued by a dog, which of these hormones would be released quickly?
- Somatostatin,
- Somatotropin,
- Epinephrine,
- Prolactin.
Answer- Option (3) is correct.
Explanation: Adrenaline, also known as epinephrine, is a hormone that is rapidly released in times of stress or urgency, such as when a dog is chasing a person. The adrenal cortex secretes it.
Somatostatin is released to limit the growth of the body so that a person does not have excessive growth. Somatotrophin is the growth hormone that is released during the early development phase. Prolactin on the other hand promotes the secretion of milk after childbirth to ensure nutrition for the newborn baby.Also Check:
Q 3. The breakdown of which of these compounds is not induced by norepinephrine?
- Glucose
- Lipids
- Protein
- Glycogen
Answer- Option (2) is correct.
Explanation: Norepinephrine, sometimes known as an emergency hormone, is a catecholamine. Stressful circumstances cause it to be secreted. To increase blood glucose levels, lipids, proteins, and glycogen are broken down. The breakdown of glucose is not stimulated.
This is because the breakdown of glucose depends upon the energy requirements of the cells. By breaking down glycogen, lipids, and proteins, norepinephrine ensures that there is enough glucose in the blood to release ATP in case of emergency.Q 4. Which one of these is not a result of the release of catecholamines?
- Piloerection,
- Dilated pupils,
- Production of glycogen,
- Increase in heart rate.
Answer- Option (3) is correct.
Explanation: The adrenal cortex releases catecholamines, which are hormones of emergency when there is stress. They make glycogen break down into glucose, which increases blood sugar levels.
This high blood glucose level raises the energy generation capacity of the cells which is necessary to ensure that the body can rapidly deal with the emergency situation and prepare the body for a flight or flight response. So, they do not trigger glycogen formation but cause it to break down into glucose.Q 5. What condition results from a lack of the hormones produced by the adrenal cortex?
- Acromegaly,
- Graves disease,
- Addison's disease,
- Diabetes Insipidus.
Answer- Option (3) is correct.
Explanation: Addison's disease is brought on by a lack of or underproduction of the hormones produced by the cortex of the adrenal gland. Due to a change in the metabolism of carbohydrates, it is characterized by weakness and weariness.
Low blood pressure, low blood sugar, and high blood potassium levels are the hallmarks of an Addisonian crisis, a potentially fatal condition. It needs rapid medical attention. Autoimmune illnesses that are similar to Addison's disease are frequently seen in patients.Q 6. Which of the following claims regarding the thymus is untrue?
- T-lymphocyte differentiation occurs here.
- It releases thymosin.
- It remains healthy in people of all ages.
- Encourages the development of antibodies
Answer- Option (3) is correct.
Explanation: The thymus is an endocrine gland that is located beneath the sternum and between the lungs. Thymosin is secreted from there, and T lymphocyte differentiation occurs there. Production of antibodies is encouraged. However, in elderly people, the thymus degenerates.
Q 7. The ______ secretes catecholamines.
- Posterior pituitary,
- Anterior pituitary,
- Adrenal cortex,
- Adrenal medulla.
Answer- Option (4) is correct.
Explanation: The adrenal medulla, the inner portion of the adrenal gland that is located underneath the adrenal cortex, secretes catecholamines. Adrenaline and noradrenaline are catecholamines, which are hormones.
Q 8. What is the exact location of the Adrenal gland?
- Above the kidneys,
- Between the lungs,
- Around the trachea,
- At the base of the hypothalamus.
Answer- Option (1) is correct.
Explanation: Just above the kidneys are the adrenal glands. It is shaped like a pyramid. The thymus is situated between the lungs, the pituitary gland is situated at the base of the hypothalamus, and the thyroid gland is situated surrounding the trachea.
Q 9. Which one of these is not a PTH function?
- Decreases calcium reabsorption from digested meals
- Increases blood calcium ion levels
- Promotes demineralization
- Encourages the kidneys' ability to reabsorb calcium ions
Answer- Option (1) is correct.
Explanation: The parathyroid gland releases parathyroid hormone, or PTH. Along with thyrocalcitonin, it is crucial for controlling the level of calcium in the blood. PTH improves food digestion's ability to absorb calcium ions. Therefore, it does not decrease calcium reabsorption but rather increases it to ensure there is more calcium for bone formation and other related functions.
Q 10. What form does the thymus gland have?
- Spherical
- Lobular
- Irregular
- Triangular
Answer- Option (2) is correct.
Explanation: The thymus gland is lobe-shaped. It functions as an essential lymphatic organ. Between the lungs and behind the sternum is where the thymus is situated. Thymosin, a peptide hormone, is released by it. The thymus gland supports the development of T-lymphocytes, sometimes referred to as T-cells, which are specialized white blood cells.
The thymus gland receives lymphocytes from the bone marrow, which are white blood cells. The lymphocytes in the thymus mature into particular T-cells. Before entering circulation, T-cells are in the process of development. They travel to the lymph nodes, which are cellular collections, and other organs of the lymphatic system, where they support the immune system's defense against disease and infection.Q 11. Which of these is not a thyroid hormone function?
- Controlling the basal metabolic rate
- Controlling erythropoiesis
- Preserving electrolyte balance
- Controlling the diurnal cycle
Answer- Option (4) is correct.
Explanation: Thyroid hormones have a critical role in controlling basal metabolic rate. Additionally, it supports erythropoiesis and preserves electrolyte and water balance. The diurnal cycle, however, is regulated by the pineal gland.
Q 12. ______ secretes TCT.
- The pituitary gland,
- The thyroid gland,
- The adrenal cortex,
- The hypothalamus.
Answer- Option (2) is correct.
Explanation: Along with thyroxine and triiodothyronine, the thyroid gland also secretes TCT, also known as thyrocalcitonin. Thyrocalcitonin controls the amount of calcium in the blood. Thyrocalcitonin is a hormone made of proteins.
Q 13. In relation to the endocrine glands, which of the following is false?
- They're referred to as ductless glands.
- These substances are known as hormones.
- Ducts in the bloodstream are where hormones are released.
- ducts are absent from these glands.
Answer- Option (3) is correct.
Explanation: The term "ductless gland" refers to endocrine glands since they do not have ducts. The hormones that they secrete are released directly into the bloodstream. They discharge their secretions straight into the circulation because these glands lack ducts.
Q 14. Which of the following does not occur when LH and FSH are present in females?
- Ovulation is induced,
- Androgens are secreted,
- The corpus luteum is maintained,
- Follicle development is stimulated.
Answer- Option (3) is correct.
Explanation: FSH encourages female ovarian follicle growth and development. In females, LH stimulates the ovulation of fully developed follicles and preserves the corpus luteum, which is made up of the leftover Graafian follicles after ovulation.
The release of androgens like testosterone is triggered by the Leutinizing hormone. The corpus luteum is maintained by the HCG hormone released by the pituitary gland.Also Check:
Q 15. Which of the following hormones is not released by the pituitary's pars distalis region?
- Prolactin,
- Growth Hormone,
- Follicle-Stimulating Hormone,
- Oxytocin.
Answer- Option (4) is correct.
Explanation: The pars distalis portion of the pituitary gland is responsible for the production of growth hormone, prolactin, thyroid-stimulating hormone, adrenocorticotropin-releasing hormone, luteinizing hormone, and follicle-stimulating hormone.
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