Food Microbiology MCQs for NEET Biology with Answers and Explanations

Food Microbiology MCQs with Explanations

Here are the Food Microbiology MCQs for NEET practice:

Q1 The flocs in sewage treatment are:

1. masses of anaerobic bacteria.

2. masses of aerobic fungi only.

3. masses of anaerobic bacteria and fungi.

4. masses of aerobic bacteria associated with fungal filaments.

 Answer: (D) masses of aerobic bacteria associated with fungal filaments.

Explanation: Flocs are masses of aerobic bacteria associated with fungal filaments. These help in the breakdown of organic matter in secondary treatment of sewage.

Q2 Brewer's yeast is:

1. Saccharomyces cerevisiae.

2. Penicillium notatum.

3. Trichoderma polysporum.

4. Monascus purpureus.

 Answer: (A)

Explanation: Saccharomyces cerevisiae, also known as Brewer's yeast, is used in fermentation to produce ethanol in the brewing industry.

Q3 Read the following statements.

I. Anti is a Greek word that means against and bio means life in antibiotics.

II. The gases form biogas can be used as source of energy as it is inflammable.

III. The activated sludge is formed during the secondary treatment of sewage.

IV. Lactic acid bacteria improves the nutritional quality of curd by increasing vitamin B_6.

Choose the correct option.

1. I, II and III only

2. Only III

3. I and IV only

4. II and IV only

 Answer: (A)

Explanation: All three statements I, II, and III are correct. Antibiotics mean ‘against life’, biogas is inflammable and hence a good energy source, and activated sludge forms during secondary treatment.

Q4 The greater the BOD of waste water,   is its polluting potential.

1. more

2. less

3. same

4. zero

 Answer: (A)

Explanation: Higher Biological Oxygen Demand (BOD) indicates higher organic matter in water, which means greater polluting potential.

Q5 Treatment of waste-water is done by the:

1. photoautotrophic microbes, naturally present in sewage.

2. chemoautotrophic microbes, naturally present in sewage.

3. heterotrophic microbes, naturally present in sewage.

4. heterotrophic microbes inoculated in the sewage from outside only.

Answer: (C)

Explanation: Heterotrophic microbes naturally present in sewage decompose organic matter during treatment, making the water less polluted.

Q6 The diagram given below represents a typical biogas plant. Select the correct option for A, B and C, respectively.

1. A-Sludge, B-Dung + Water, C- Gas holder

2. A-Dung + Water, B-Sludge, C-CH_4+CO_2

3. A-Sludge, B-Gas holder, C-Dung + Water

4. A-CH_4+CO_2, B-Dung + Water, C-Sludge

 Answer: (A)

Explanation: In a biogas plant, dung mixed with water is fed into the digester, sludge settles at the bottom (A), and gas is collected in the gas holder (C).

Q7 Production on an industrial scale, requires growing microbes in very large vessels called:

1. fermentors.

2. chemicals.

3. enzymes.

4. organic farming.

 Answer: (A)

Explanation: Fermentors are large vessels used in industries to grow microorganisms under controlled conditions for large-scale production.

 Q8 Given below are two statements:

Statement-I: A major component of waste water is human excreta.

Statement-II: The municipal waste-water is also called sewage.

In the light of the above statements, choose the most appropriate answer from the options given below:

1. Statement I is correct but Statement II is incorrect.

2. Statement I is incorrect but Statement II is correct.

3. Both Statement I and Statement II are correct.

4. Both Statement I and Statement II are incorrect.

 Answer: (C)

Explanation: Human excreta forms a major component of waste water, and municipal waste water is referred to as sewage. Both statements are correct.

Q9 Given below are two statements:

Statement-I: Penicillin was the first antibiotic to be discovered.

Statement-II: Alexander Fleming while working on Staphylococciobserved a mould growing in one of his unwashed culture plates.

In the light of the above statements, choose the most appropriate answer from the options given below:

1. Statement I is correct but Statement II is incorrect.

2. Statement I is incorrect but Statement II is correct.

3. Both Statement I and Statement II are correct.

4. Both Statement I and Statement II are incorrect.

Answer: (C)

Explanation: Penicillin was discovered by Alexander Fleming while observing Staphylococci and mold in his unwashed petri dish, making both statements true.

Q10 All solids in the primary treatment that settle form the:

1. primary sludge.

2. effluent.

3. flocs.

4. activated sludge.

 Answer: (A)

Explanation: During primary treatment of sewage, solids that settle at the bottom form the primary sludge.

Q11 Which of the following is not a nitrogen-fixing organism?

1. Anabaena

2. Nostoc

3. Azotobacter

4. Aspergillus

Answer: (D)

Explanation: Aspergillus is a fungus and does not fix nitrogen, unlike Anabaena, Nostoc, and Azotobacter, which are nitrogen-fixing microbes.

Q12 The dough, which is used for making idli and dosa is fermented by:

1. Bacteria.

2. Aspergillus.

3. Oscillatoria.

4. Nostoc.

Answer: (A)

Explanation: The fermentation of idli and dosa dough is carried out by bacteria, mainly Leuconostoc and Streptococcus species.

Q13 The antibiotic penicillin is obtained from:

1. Penicillium notatum.

2. Staphylococci.

3. Trichoderma.

4. Monascus.

Answer: (A)

Explanation: Penicillin was the first antibiotic to be discovered and is produced by the fungus Penicillium notatum.

Q14 Given below are two statements: one is labelled as Assertion A and the other is labelled as Reason R:

Assertion (A): Bottled fruit juices made at home are clearer as compared to those bought from the market.

Reason (R): Bottled juices are clarified by the use of pectinases and proteases.

In the light of the above statements, choose the correct answer from the options given below:

1. A is true but R is false.

2. A is false but R is true.

3. Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A.

4. Both A and R are true but R is NOT the correct explanation of A .

Answer: (B)

Explanation: Bottled fruit juices in the market are clearer due to the use of pectinases and proteases, not homemade ones. So, the assertion is false but the reason is true.

Q15 Given below are two statements: one is labelled as Assertion A and the other is labelled as Reason R:

Assertion (A): Baculoviruses are pathogens that attack fungi and other bacteria.

Reason (R): Baculoviruses are excellent candidates for species specific, narrow spectrum insecticidal applications.

In the light of the above statements, choose the correct answer from the options given below:

1. A is true but R is false.

2. A is false but R is true.

3. Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A.

4. Both A and R are true but R is NOT the correct explanation of A .

Answer: (B)

Explanation: Baculoviruses do not attack fungi and bacteria, they infect insects. So, the assertion is false but the reason is correct about insecticidal applications.

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