NCERT Solutions for Class 12 Biology

Biology, in general, can seem very easy. Many times student can be stuck up to many critical concepts. To resolve this issue Physics Wallah has come up with NCERT solutions for class 12 biology for students. The complete set of NCERT Solutions offered is as per NCERT guidelines only. Since class 12th is already an advance stage of biology. The NCERT solutions for class 12 biology prepared by the team is to ensure every student score maximum marks.

These solutions are as per the latest NCERT guidelines only. The complete line up of NCERT solutions for class 12 biology ensure students easy understanding of the topic. This solution in overall expand student’s logical thinking horizon.

Why NCERT Textbook of class 12 Biology are important?

A structure of the solution is such that they can be easily understood by numerous students. Too many students biology is very typical of it comprises the complete theory. An effect line up prepared by the team at Physics Wallah helps students to study biology with interests.

Since competitive exams are the next target for many students after class 12th. These NCERT solutions for class 12 biology are highly effective for students looking forward to securing their seats in prominent colleges. Any competitive exams can be aced with these NCERT solutions for class 12 biology provided by Physics Wallah. Our team involved in drafting solution for students have already aced most of the competitive exams. It is crucial to have in-depth knowledge of each and every critical concept.

The solutions offered by Physics Wallah offers students a competitive edge to students among all. Our faculties are round the clock available to provide any desired assistance to students. Many a time’s students get stuck to critical topics. The NCERT solutions for class 12 biology have always been the topmost preference of toppers.

How to Study Class 12 biology effectively?

These topics can hinder the smooth flow of students learning. Biology of class 12^th comprises of such a wide syllabus, which makes easy completion of syllabus. While preparing these NCERT solutions for class 12 biology, our team have gone through numerous among of question papers. The complete line up of solution has been kept in accordance to create an easy learning environment.

In case of any kind of assistance required, students can let our experts know with any type of issues they are facing. At Physics Wallah we endorse stress-free learning. We also provide our students with a strategy in NCERT solutions for class 12 biology to each understand each and every concept effectively.

Why Physics Wallah is best for NCERT solutions for class 12 biology?

The team at Physics Wallah believes in providing accessible education to the needy. The complete set of NCERT solutions for class 12 biology has been provided on the website of Physics Wallah. Students can easily download it with a single click by signing up with us. The solution provided is in pdf format. This helps students to access the study material from any device. The study from the notes of most preferred faculty nationwide. Through command over biology students can attain topmost goals

How to score good marks in class 12th Board

1. In 3 marks and 5 marks questions, always make the relevant diagram even if it is not mentioned.
2. Read the question carefully and give to-the-point answer.
3. While differentiating terms, always write the important differences in the form of columns.
4. Never repeat the same points in a different way.
5. Practice even the diagrams before the exam.

What are the DONT’S do 

1. Answers should not exceed the word limit.
2. Don’t miss to write the key terms in the answers.

List of chapter in NCERT solutions for class 12 biology

1. Chapter-1: Reproduction in Organisms
2. Chapter-2: Sexual Reproduction in Flowering Plants
3. Chapter-3: Human Reproduction
4. Chapter-4: Reproductive Health
5. Chapter-5: Principles of Inheritance and Variation
6. Chapter-6: MolecularBasis of Inheritance
7. Chapter-7: Evolution
8. Chapter-8: Human Health and Disease
9. Chapter-9: Strategies for Enhancement in Food Production
10. Chapter-10: Microbes in Human Welfare
11. Chapter-12: Biotechnology and its Applications
12. Chapter-13: Organisms and Populations
13. Chapter-14: Ecosystem
14. Chapter-15: Biodiversity and Conservation
15. Chapter-16: Environmental Issues

Key Benefit for NCERT solutions for class 12

Preparing for class 12 biology and NEET entrance exam need NCERT as a mandatory book. The key benefit for NCERT solutions class 12 biology and NCERT text book for class 12 biology are.

1. Easy to read language is very good to understand the concept.
2. All concepts are explained through very good examples and diagram
3. Multicolur presentation for biology help students to memories the diagram and concept
4. Adequate number of examples help you to have more clarity in the class 12 biology
5. Questions given in NCERT text book exercise is sufficient to have solid foundation for class 12 biology
6. CBSE prefer NCERT text book , all most all questions are directly from NCERT in class 12 board exam
7. NTA conducting NEET and recommended book for NEET is NCERT in year 2019 almost 85% question asked are directly from NCERT.

Why Physics Wallah

Academic team of Physics Wallah prepared all required resource which is required for class 12 Biology which includes detail chapter wise theory for class 12 Biology, Notes on class 12 botany, objective questions for class 12 Biology, chapter wise online test for class 12 Biology, formula for class 12 Biology. One must read the NCERT textbook for class 12 Biology and can use as a reference for ncert solution for class 12 Biology. For entrance exam like JEE & NEET Physics Wallah consist of all useful material start from previous year papers, sample papers, important formula for Biology,revision notes for class 12 Biology

Brief description of Chapters of NCERT Class 12 Biology

NCERT Class 12 Biology Chapter Evolution

The basic similarities in chemical and structural organization of all organisms as stated above, exclude the “Spontaneous Generation” and “Special Creation” theories from the list of acceptable explanations for diversity of “Life” upon earth. Moreover, these similarities imply origin of all diverse forms of organisms from a common ancestor. Like the concepts of “Cosmic” and “Chemical” evolutions, therefore, the concept of “Organic Evolution” is now universally accepted as an explanation for the origin of all diverse forms of “life” from the first primordial organisms that arinert matter’ upon primitive ‘earth.

Let us consider, for a while, the order and grading we can witness amongst the existing varieties of organisms themselves. We know that animals and plants are organisms of two very distinct categories, yet the distinction between these at the primitive, unicellular level of organization is so little that a common “kingdom Protista” has been proposed to include all unicellular animals and plants together. Similarly, we know that such diverse forms as houseflies, ants, mosquitoes, louse, bedbugs, grasshoppers, butterflies, etc., are all included into a common group “The Insecta”. Likewise, the fishes, frogs, lizards, birds and mammals form a common group, “The Vertebrata” in spite of their pronounced diversity.. All this order and grading proves a gradual “Organic Evolution” of diverse varieties of organisms from common ancestors at different levels.

NCERT Class 12 Biology Chapter-Ecosystem

Term ecosystem was first of all given by A.G. Tansley (1935), he defined it as, “system arising out of interactions between living and non-living components of environment”. (Eco-environment + System – interacting interdependent complex). In any ecosystem, communities or living organisms interact with their physical environment in such a way that there is a well defined flow of energy forming clear trophic (food) levels and material cycles within this system.

1. Ecosystem is normally an open system because there is a continuous and variable entry and loss of energy and materials.
2. Ecosystem is known by different terms, i.e. biogeocoenosis or geobiocoenosis or microcosm or ecosom or holocoen or biosystem or bioinert body, ect., the whole earth can be called biosphere or ecosphere.

NCERT Class 12 Biology chapter-Biodiversity and Conservation

Biodiversity or biological diversity is the diversity of life. It is defined as variation of life at all levels of biological organisation - within a species, among species and comparative diversity among ecosystems. Ecologists define biodiversity as the “totality of genes, species, and ecosystems of a region”.

It is mainly of 4 types –

• I. Genetic diversity
• It is the diversity of genes within a species. There is a genetic variability among the populations and the individuals of the same species. Genetic diversity within a species increases with environmental variability.
• II. Species diversity
• It is the diversity among species in an ecosystem. Species are the distinct units of the biodiversity. Each species plays a specific role in an ecosystem. Species diversity refers to the variety of species within a region. ‘Biodiversity hotspots” are excellent examples of species diversity.
• III. Ecosystem diversity
• It is the diversity at a higher level of organization. There are three other indices which are used by ecologists:
• i) Alpha diversity: Alpha diversity refers to diversity within a particular area, community or ecosystem, and is measured by counting the number of taxa within the ecosystem.
• ii) Beta diversity: Beta diversity is species diversity between ecosystems; this involves comparing the number of taxa that are unique to each of the ecoystems.
• iii) Gamma diversity: Gamma diversity is a measure of the overall diversity for different ecosystems within a region.
• IV. Global diversity

The overall biodiversity of the Earth.Biodiversity not only applies species, but also to their immediate environment i.e. biotope (an area that is uniform in environmental conditions and in its distribution of animal and plant life) and their larger ecoregion (an area constituting a natural ecological community with characteristic flora, fauna, and environmental conditions and bounded by natural rather than artificial borders). An ecozone or biogeographic realm is the largest scale biogeographic division of the earth’s surface based on the historic and evolutionary distribution patterns of plants and animals. Ecozones represent large areas of the earth’s surface where plants and animals developed in relative isolation over long periods of time, and are separated from one another by geologic features, such as oceans, broad deserts, or high mountain ranges, that formed barriers to plant and animal migration.

NCERT Solutions for class 12 Biology chapter-Environmental Issues

Any undesirable change of the physical, chemical or biological characteristics in the atmosphere, lithosphere and hydrosphere which is harmful to man directly or indirectly through his animals, plants, industrial units or raw material is called pollution.

Kinds of Pollution

• (a) On the basis of part of environment where it occurs most
• (i) Air pollution
• (ii)Soil pollution
• (iii)Water pollution

• (b)On the basis of origin
• (i)Anthropogenic (man-made) : Burning of fossil fuels, deforestation, mining, sewage, industrial effluent, pesticides, fertilizers etc.
• (ii)Natural : e.g., Volcanic eruptions, release of CH4 by paddy fields and cattle, release of CO by plants and animals, emission of natural gas, O3, nitrogen oxides, cosmic rays, UV-rays etc.

• (c)On the basis of physical nature of pollutants
• (i)Gaseous pollution
• (ii)Dust pollution
• (iii)Thermal pollution
• (iv)Noise pollution
• Radioactive pollution etc.
• Pollutant

• (a)Biodegradable: Sewage, market garbage, live stock wastes etc.
• (b)Non-biodegradable: DDT, BHC, waste plastic bottles, polyethylene bags, used soft drink cans etc.
• (c)Primary pollutant: e.g., CO. DDT.
• (d)Secondary pollutant: e.g., Nitrogen oxides and hydrocarbons react photochemically. to produce peroxyacyl nitrates and O3.
• (e)Qualitative: e.g., Insecticides, weedicides, fungicides.

NCERT Class 12 Biology Chapter-Organisms and Populations

Biotic Community

1.It is a grouping of different but interacting populations of different species which live harmoniously in a given locality e.g. pond community, lawn community, forest community. Each such community may further be split into animal community, plant community and microbe community.

Population

1. It is a permanent group of interbreeding individuals of a species found in a space or geographical area at a particular time. It is called local population or deme.
2. The different local population of a species are connected by dispersing individuals.
3. Metapopulation is a complex of local populations connected by dispersing individuals.
4. In human demography, population represents the number of human beings in a given area – school, village, town, state, country or whole earth.
5. In genetics, population is a group of interbreeding individuals of the same species which live in semi isolation from other such groups.
6. In ecology, population is a group of individuals of the same species living in the same area which functions as a unit of biotic community e.g. number of grass plants.