pH Full Form, pH Of Acid And Base, Importance, pH Value

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pH Full Form

The pH full form is the potential of Hydrogen. In simple terms, it is the ratio of hydronium ions to hydroxide ions. Usually, the range of the pH scale lies between 0 to 14. It is also known as the strength of hydrogen in any solution. You can also say that pH is the negative logarithm of base 10 in Hydrogen ions. As per the general notion, any pH value before 7 is considered to be acidic in nature. In the same way, any pH value more than 7 is considered to be basic in nature. Whereas, the pH value of something which is equal to 7 is considered neutral.

What is pH Full Form in Physics, Chemistry, and Biology?

pH full form is different in all three Physics, Chemistry, and Biology. In Physics, the pH value is found in a volt meter and is attached to the electrode present in the solution. These electrodes when put under a solution act as a battery. These are then used to determine the quality of the soil. The soil is then tested against a pH scale to determine if it is acidic or basic in nature and which crops are suited for it.

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pH of Acid and Base

The pH for all kinds of solutions has been prescribed as per the scale. The level of OH- and H+ determines the overall acidity or basicity of a solution. Refer to the table below to understand the pH full form of acid and base solution.

pH of Acid and Base
Solution Type	pH value
Acidic	Anything falling in the range of 0 to 7
Basic	Anything falling in the range of 7 to 14
Neutral	Equal to the value of 7

What is the pH Scale?

The pH full form is the potential of hydrogen in any solution. The pH value was launched by a Danish Biochemist S.P.L Sorensen. The pH value is always expressed in an aqueous solution equivalent to per litre. It was developed by the National Institute of Standard Technology as a measurement method that defines pH value as an electromotive force. This force is defined as a cohesive force that exists between two electrodes present in a solution. As per the scale, the pH scale ranges from 0 to 14. 

How is pH Important for Us?

pH is an important factor for living organisms. Any living organism can withstand only a certain range of pH values and any changes to the same can have adverse effects on the living being. For example, the natural pH of water is 7. However, when the pH decreases it leads to acidic rain which can damage aquatic and marine life. Similarly, the lining of the human stomach secretes Hydrochloric acids that stimulate food digestion activating certain enzymes. Whenever there is acid reflux in the body then one has to intake Antacids to neutralise the acid and thus balance the pH value. In the same way, bacteria present in our mouth work by lowering the pH of the mouth. These bacteria work by generating acid that eventually breaks down the food present in the mouth. However, this acid can also demineralisation of teeth and tooth decay. In order to prevent tooth decay, it is better to go with fluoride toothpaste aids in remineralisation and prevents decay. Several insects like bees and ants also secrete acids that are high on the pH scale. These insects have formic acid that causes pain and blisters whenever they bite anyone. Hence, to neutralise the acidic effect, one is asked to apply a basic solution to neutralise the acid and maintain the pH.

pH Value

A pH is usually measured on a scale that contains a value between 0 to 14. One has to simply put the solution on the scale and then it displays the pH value of the same. The value is then assessed to determine if the solution is basic or acidic. Usually, a solution is a mixture of hydrogen and hydroxide ions. The pH solution determines the number of OH and H ions present in it. A pH value finds a wide application in the medical and laboratory industry.

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