CMI Full Form, Key Players in CMI

CMI Full Form: The CMI stands for Cell-Mediated Immunity . Cell Mediated Immunity (CMI) is a pivotal component in the realm of immunology and physiological health. It denotes a crucial immune response that involves T cells and other immune cells, rather than antibodies.

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Cell Mediated Immunity (CMI) Introduction

Key Players in CMI

• Macrophages: These are large white blood cells that engulf and digest cellular debris, foreign substances, and pathogens. They act as the first line of defense against many infections.
• Natural Killer Cells (NK cells): These cells play a crucial role in the rejection of tumors and cells infected by viruses. They are a part of the innate immune system and play a significant role in host-rejection of both tumors and virally infected cells.
• T Cell Transfer and Activation: T cells are a type of white blood cell that is essential for cell-mediated immunity. They are named T cells because they mature in the thymus. Their transfer and activation, especially in response to pathogens like Lister monocytogenes and Mycobacterium, are vital for CMI.
• Helper T (Th) cells: These cells assist other white blood cells in immunologic processes, including maturation of B cells into plasma cells and memory B cells, and activation of cytotoxic T cells and macrophages.
• Antigen-presenting cells (APC): These cells uptake, process, and present antigens to T cells, initiating an immune response.
• Cytokines and Chemokines: These are small proteins released by cells that have a specific effect on the interactions and communications between cells. They play a crucial role in cell signaling during immune responses.
• Cytostatic T cells: These cells inhibit the proliferation of target cells, ensuring that harmful pathogens don't multiply uncontrollably.
• Delayed type hypersensitivity (DTH): This is an immune response, mediated by CMI, that results in inflammation.
• Major histocompatibility complex (MHC): These are a set of cell surface proteins essential for the acquired immune system to recognize foreign molecules.
• T cell receptors: These are found on the surface of T cells, where they play a role in recognizing fragments of antigen as peptides bound to MHC molecules.
• Cytotoxic T cells: These cells are crucial for the body's defense against infections and cancer. They kill cells that are infected with pathogens or are otherwise damaged.
• Th1 and Th2 cell lines: These are subsets of T cells that play different roles in immunity. Th1 cells promote cell-mediated immunity, while Th2 cells promote humoral immunity.
• Periphery blood mononuclear cell (PBMCs): These are blood cells with a round nucleus, such as lymphocytes, monocytes, and macrophages. They play a role in the body's defense mechanisms.

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