Neural Control and Coordination NEET Questions with Explanations

What is Neural Control and Coordination?

Neural Control and Coordination means how our body parts work together with the help of the brain and nerves. The nervous system controls everything we do — walking, talking, eating, and even breathing. This system includes:

• Neurons (nerve cells): These carry messages from one part of the body to another.

• Brain and spinal cord: They control actions.

• Reflexes: These are quick actions without thinking, like pulling your hand away from something hot.

• Sense organs: Eyes, ears, nose, tongue, and skin help us to sense things around us.

Neural Control and Coordination NEET Questions with Explanations

Here are some practice questions from the chapter, along with answers and explanations:

Q1. The neural system of all animals is composed of highly specialised cells called neurons, which can:

1. detect different kinds of stimuli

2. transmit different kinds of stimuli

3. receive different kinds of stimuli

4. All of these

 Answer: (D) All of these

Explanation: Neurons are specialized cells that can detect, receive, and transmit different types of stimuli. They help in sensing the environment and passing information to the brain for interpretation.

Q2. The respiratory and cardiac centres are located in:

1. cerebrum

2. diencephalon

3. cerebellum

4. medulla oblongata

 Answer: (D) Medulla oblongata

 Explanation: The medulla oblongata is a part of the brainstem and plays a crucial role in controlling vital functions such as respiration, heartbeat, and blood pressure regulation.

Q3. Which of the following given options is/are correct for the term coordination?

1. Coordination is the process through which one or two cells only interact and complement the functions of one another.

2. Coordination is the process through which two or more organs interact and inhibit the functions of the others.

3. Coordination is the process through which two or more organs interact and complement the functions of one another.

4. All of these

 Answer: (C) Coordination is the process through which two or more organs interact and complement the functions of one another.

 Explanation: Coordination involves the interaction of different organs that work together to maintain body functions. The correct answer is the option where organs complement each other’s function

Q4. In the resting state of the neural membrane, diffusion due to concentration gradients, if allowed, would drive:

1. into the cell

2. and out of the cell

3. into the cell

4. out of the cell

Answer: (C) Into the cell

Explanation: In the resting state, the concentration gradient of ions like sodium and potassium causes the diffusion of sodium ions into the cell, while potassium ions diffuse out.

Q5. Identify the given diagram and mark the correct option.

1. Unipolar neuron

2. Multipolar neuron

3. Bipolar neuron

4. None of these

Answer: (B) Multipolar neuron

Explanation: Multipolar neurons are the most common type of neurons in the human body, and they have many dendrites and one axon. 

Q6. Read the following statements and mark the correct option.

I. A deep cleft divides the cerebrum horizontally into two halves, which are termed as the left and right cerebral hemispheres.

II. The layer of cells which covers the cerebral hemisphere is called cerebral cortex and is thrown into prominent folds.

III. The neuron cell bodies are concentrated in cerebral cortex, giving it a greyish appearance.

IV. The cerebral cortex contains motor areas, sensory areas, and small regions that are neither clearly sensory nor motor in function.

1. Only I is correct.

2. Only I and II are correct.

3. Only II and III are correct.

4. Only III and IV are correct.

Answer: (B) Only I and II are correct.

Explanation: The cerebral cortex has both motor and sensory regions, and its greyish appearance is due to the cell bodies of neurons.

Q7. The axonal membrane is ______ to negatively charged protein present in axoplasm.

1. selectively permeable
2. permeable
3. semipermeable
4. impermeable

Answer: (A) Selectively permeable

Explanation: The axonal membrane is selectively permeable, meaning it allows only certain ions to pass through while restricting others.

Q8. The myelinated nerve fibers are ______ in Schwann cells, whereas the non-myelinated nerve fibers are ______ by Schwann cells.

1. enclosed, enveloped

2. enveloped, enclosed

3. enveloped, not enclosed

4. enclosed, not enveloped

 Answer: (D) Enclosed, not enveloped

Explanation: In myelinated fibers, Schwann cells enclose the nerve fibers, while non-myelinated fibers are not fully enveloped but may have Schwann cells surrounding them.

Q9. A nerve impulse is transmitted from one neuron to another neuron through a junction called:

1. neuromuscular junction

2. synapse

3. node of Ranvier

4. both (A) and (B)

Answer: (B) Synapse

Explanation: The synapse is the junction where two neurons meet, and it allows for the transmission of nerve impulses between them.

Q10. Which of the following statements is incorrect?

1. In Hydra, neural organisation is composed of a network of neurons.

2. The axon is a long fibre.

3. The PNS comprises all the nerves of the body associated with the ANS.

4. A neuron is a microscopic structure.

Answer: (D) A neuron is a microscopic structure.

Explanation: Neurons are microscopic, but they can also have very long axons, especially in certain animals, where they can extend over large distances.

Q11 Hypothalamus lies at   -.

1. base of thalamus

2. base of cerebellum

3. top of thalamus

4. top of cerebellum

Answer: (A) base of thalamus

Explanation: The hypothalamus is located just below the thalamus in the brain. It controls functions like hunger, thirst, body temperature, and emotions. It forms the floor of the diencephalon.

Q12 Given below are two statements:

Statement I: The ventral protion of the midbrain consists of four round swellings.

Statement II: Cerebellum provides the additional space for many more neurons.

In the light of the above statements, choose the most appropriate answer from the options given below:

1. Statement I is correct but Statement II is incorrect.

2. Statement I is incorrect but Statement II is correct.

3. Both Statement I and Statement II are correct.

4. Both Statement I and Statement II are incorrect.

Answer: (B) Statement I is incorrect but Statement II is correct.

Explanation: Statement I is wrong because the dorsal part (not ventral) of the midbrain has four round swellings called corpora quadrigemina. Statement II is correct because the cerebellum has more surface area due to folds and thus contains many neurons.

Q13 Identify the proper sequence and mark the correct option.

I. Opening of ion channels.

II. Release of neurotransmitters.

III. Action potential arrives at axon terminals.

IV. Action potential stimulates movement of synaptic vesicles towards the membrane.

V. Binding with receptors, present on postsynaptic membrane.

VI. New action potential generated.

1. I → II → III → IV →V→VI

2. VI→V→IV→III→II→I

3. III → IV → II →V→I→VI

4. III → I → IV →V→II→VI

Answer: (C) III → IV → II →V→I→VI

Explanation: First, action potential reaches the axon terminal. Then, synaptic vesicles move to the membrane and release neurotransmitters. These neurotransmitters bind to receptors, which opens ion channels and creates a new action potential

Q14 Where are bipolar nerve cells present?

1. Cerebral cortex

2. Usually in embryonic stage

3. Retina of the eye

4. All of these

Answer: (D) All of these

Explanation: Bipolar neurons are found in the retina, sometimes in the cerebral cortex, and are also common during the embryonic stage. They have two extensions—one axon and one dendrite.

Q15 Read the following statements and mark the correct option.

I. At electrical synapses, the membranes of presynaptic and post-synaptic neurons are in very close proximity.

II. Electrical current can not flow directly from one neuron into the other across these synapses.

III. Transmission of an impulse across electrical synapses is very similar to impulse conduction along a single axon.

IV. Impulse transmission across an electrical synapse is always slower than that across a chemical synapse.

V. Electrical synapses are rare in our system.

1. Only statement I is correct.

2. Statements I, III and V are correct.

3. Only statement V is correct.

4. All the given statements are correct.

Answer: (B) Statements I, III and V are correct.

Explanation: Electrical synapses have very close membranes, allowing direct flow of current, so statement II is incorrect. Impulse transfer is faster, not slower, making statement IV incorrect. Statements I, III, and V are all true.

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