Chemistry Symbols
Sep 19, 2022, 16:45 IST
A Chemical Symbol is the representation of the element. These representations can be there in any form, it can be in sign form, a mark form or a word form. It represents, symbolizes, or is understood as a representative unit that gives an idea about an object and a relationship between organizations in Chemistry Formulas.Symbols allow people to go beyond what they already know or see by establishing connections between different ideas and experiences.
Let's talk about what a symbol is in chemistry. Symbols used in chemistry acronyms are used in chemistry to represent chemical elements, different functional groups and chemical compounds. The elements present in the Chemistry Formulas and Chemistry Notes are represented by Chemistry Symbols.
Let's discuss all the symbols in chemistry, there are various symbols which are used in chemistry.
- Chemical Symbols
- Reaction Symbols
- Temperature Symbols
- Precipitation Symbol
- Free radical Symbol
- Cation Symbol
- Gas Symbol
- Wavelength Symbol
- Anion Symbol
- Light Symbol
Let's Define them
1. Chemical Symbols: These are the symbols which represent the element which is generally of one or two letters of the Latin alphabet, in which the first letter is in capital form.
Name of the Element | Symbol of the Element | Atomic Number | Atomic mass |
Hydrogen | H | 1 | 1.0079 |
Helium | He | 2 | 4.0026 |
Lithium | Li | 3 | 6.941 |
Beryllium | Be | 4 | 9.0122 |
Boron | B | 5 | 10.811 |
Carbon | C | 6 | 12.0107 |
Nitrogen | N | 7 | 14.0067 |
Oxygen | O | 8 | 15.9994 |
Fluorine | F | 9 | 18.9984 |
Neon | Ne | 10 | 20.1797 |
Sodium | Na | 11 | 22.9897 |
Magnesium | Mg | 12 | 24.305 |
Aluminium | Al | 13 | 26.9815 |
Silicon | Si | 14 | 28.0855 |
Phosphorus | P | 15 | 30.9738 |
Sulphur | S | 16 | 32.065 |
Chlorine | Cl | 17 | 35.453 |
Argon | Ar | 18 | 39.0983 |
Potassium | K | 19 | 39.948 |
Calcium | Ca | 20 | 40.078 |
Scandium | Sc | 21 | 44.9559 |
Titanium | Ti | 22 | 47.867 |
Vanadium | V | 23 | 50.9415 |
Chromium | Cr | 24 | 51.9961 |
Manganese | Mn | 25 | 54.938 |
Iron | Fe | 26 | 55.845 |
Cobalt | Co | 27 | 58.6934 |
Nickel | Ni | 28 | 58.9332 |
Copper | Cu | 29 | 63.546 |
Zinc | Zn | 30 | 65.39 |
Gallium | Ga | 31 | 69.723 |
Germanium | 32 | 72.64 | |
Arsenic | As | 33 | 74.9216 |
Selenium | Se | 34 | |
Bromine | Br | 35 | 79.904 |
Krypton | Kr | 36 | 83.8 |
Rubidium | Rb | 37 | 85.4678 |
Strontium | Sr | 38 | 87.62 |
Yttrium | Y | 39 | 88.9059 |
Zirconium | Zr | 40 | 91.224 |
Niobium | Nb | 41 | 92.9064 |
Molybdenum | Mo | 42 | 95.94 |
Technetium | Tc | 43 | 98 |
Ruthenium | Ru | 44 | 101.07 |
Rhodium | Rh | 45 | 102.9055 |
Palladium | Pd | 46 | 106.42 |
Silver | Ag | 47 | 107.8682 |
Cadmium | Cd | 48 | 112.411 |
Indium | In | 49 | 114.818 |
Tin | Sn | 50 | 118.71 |
Antimony | Sb | 51 | 121.76 |
Tellurium | Te | 52 | 126.9045 |
Iodine | I | 53 | 127.6 |
Xenon | Xe | 54 | 131.293 |
Cesium | Cs | 55 | 132.9055 |
Barium | Ba | 56 | 137.327 |
Lanthanum | La | 57 | 138.9055 |
Cerium | Ce | 58 | 140.116 |
Praseodymium | Pr | 59 | 140.9077 |
Neodymium | Nd | 60 | 144.24 |
Promethium | Pm | 61 | 145 |
Samarium | Sm | 62 | 150.36 |
Europium | Eu | 63 | 151.964 |
Gadolinium | Gd | 64 | 157.25 |
Terbium | Tb | 65 | 158.9253 |
Dysprosium | Dy | 66 | 162.5 |
Holmium | Ho | 67 | 164.9303 |
Erbium | Er | 68 | 167.259 |
Thulium | Tm | 69 | 168.9342 |
Ytterbium | Yb | 70 | 173.04 |
Lutetium | Lu | 71 | 174.967 |
Hafnium | Hf | 72 | 178.49 |
Tantalum | Ta | 73 | 180.9479 |
Tungsten | W | 74 | 183.84 |
Rhenium | Re | 75 | 186.207 |
Osmium | Os | 76 | 190.23 |
Iridium | Ir | 77 | 192.217 |
Platinum | Pt | 78 | 195.078 |
Gold | Au | 79 | 196.9665 |
Mercury | Hg | 80 | 200.59 |
Thallium | Tl | 81 | 204.3833 |
Lead | Pb | 82 | 207.2 |
Bismuth | Bi | 83 | 208.98094 |
Polonium | Po | 84 | 209 |
Astatine | At | 85 | 210 |
Radon | Rn | 86 | 222 |
Francium | Fr | 87 | 223 |
Radium | Ra | 88 | 226 |
Actinium | Ac | 89 | 227 |
Thorium | Th | 90 | 231.0359 |
Protactinium | Pa | 91 | 232.0381 |
Uranium | U | 92 | 237 |
Neptunium | Np | 93 | 238.0289 |
Plutonium | Pu | 94 | 243 |
Americium | Am | 95 | 244 |
Curium | Cm | 96 | 247 |
Berkelium | Bk | 97 | 247 |
Californium | Cf | 98 | 251 |
Einsteinium | Es | 99 | 252 |
Fermium | Fm | 100 | 257 |
Mendelevium | Md | 101 | 258 |
Nobelium | No | 102 | 259 |
Lawrencium | Lr | 103 | 261 |
Rutherfordium | Rf | 104 | 262 |
Dubnium | Db | 105 | 262 |
Seaborgium | Sg | 106 | 264 |
Bohrium | Bh | 107 | 266 |
Hassium | Hs | 108 | 268 |
Meitnerium | Mt | 109 | 272 |
Darmstadtium | Ds | 110 | 277 |
Roentgenium | Rg | 111 | |
Copernicium | Cn | 112 | |
Nihonium | Nh | 113 | |
Flerovium | Fl | 114 | |
Moscovium | Mc | 115 | |
Livermorium | Lv | 116 | |
Tennessine | Ts | 117 | |
Oganesson | Og | 118 |
2. Reaction Symbols: It represents the nature of the reaction. It can be a backward reaction, forward reaction, exothermic reaction etc.
Reaction Symbols | Representation of Reaction Symbol |
→ | represent forward reaction |
← | represent backward reaction |
⇌ | represent reversible reaction |
- |
Minus sign at the end of the reaction indicates exothermic reactions |
+ |
Positive sign at the end of the reaction represents an endothermic reaction. |
3. Temperature Symbols: Delta represents this symbol. It is used in chemical reactions beyond decomposition, melting, and transformation. Represented as Δ. Apart from these symbols representing units such as Fahrenheit, Celsius, Kelvin can also be represented using symbols.
Units of temperature | Temperature Symbols | What does it Indicate |
Celsius | ℃ | The temperature in degree Celsius |
Kelvin | K | Temperature in kelvin |
Fahrenheit | ℉ | Temperature in Fahrenheit |
The heat involved in reaction | Δ | The heat involved in the reaction |
4. Precipitation Symbol: It represents precipitation formed in the reaction. It is represented by a downward arrow (↓).
5. Free radical Symbol: The free mark is used to represent the free radical involved in the response. Represented by a small dot on top of a chemical mark. For example, Cl・ represents the free radical of the chlorine atoms.
6. Cation Symbol: It is used as a positive sign over chemical symbols. It happens when an element loses electrons.
7. Gas Symbol: It represents the nature of the reactants and product formed due to the reaction. The upward arrow (↑) will be used if any of the reacting entities are present in the gaseous phase.
8. Wavelength Symbol: On the waves the distance between any given point and the same point in the next wave cycle. It is represented by (λ).
9. Anion Symbol: It is used as a negative sign over chemical symbols. It happens when an element gains electrons.
With the help of Chemistry Symbols you can clear all your Chemistry Doubts and also for further preparation you can also solve Chemistry Sample Papers for better understanding.
Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs)
Q1. What is the chemical symbol of Sodium?
Ans. The chemical symbol of Sodium is (Na).
Q2. What is a backward reaction?
Ans. It is the reaction which goes from the product to the reactant. It is represented by (←).
Q3. What is a chemical symbol?
Ans. These are the symbols which represent the element which is generally one or two letters of the Latin alphabet, in which the first letter is in capital form.