SSC Worksheet for Chapter - 1 Crop Production and Management Class 8

Worksheets For class 8

Find SSC Worksheet for chapter-1 Crop Production and Management class 8

CLASS-8

BOARD: SSC

BIOLOGY Worksheet -1

TOPIC: Crop Production and Management

For other SCC Worksheet for class 8 Science check out main page of Physics Wallah.

1. Select the correct word from the following list and fill in the blanks :

float, water, crop, nutrients, preparation

(a) The same kind of plants grown and cultivated on a large scale at a place is called __________.

(b) The first step before growing crops is __________ of the soil.

(c) Damaged seeds would __________ on top of water.

(d) For growing a crop, sufficient sunlight, ______ and _______ from the soil are essential.

2. Match items in column A with those in column B.

               A                                       B

(i) Kharif crops                           (a) Food for cattle

(ii) Rabi crops                            (b) Urea and super phosphate

(iii) Chemical fertilizers              (c) Animal excreta, cow dung urine and plant waste

(iv) Organic manure                  (d) Wheat, gram, pea

                                                  (e) Paddy and maize

3. Give two examples of each.

(a) Kharif crop

(b) Rabi crop

4. Write a paragraph in your own words on each of the following.

(a) Preparation of soil

(b) Sowing

(c) Weeding

(d) Threshing

5. Explain how fertilizers are different from manure.

6. What is irrigation ? Describe two methods of irrigation which conserve water ?

7. If wheat is sown in the kharif season, what would happen ? Discuss.

8. Explain how soil gets affected by the continuous plantation of crops in a field.

9. What are weeds ? How can we control them ?

10. Write correct sequence of steps undertaken for farming.

Solutions: to worksheet-1 Topic- Crop Production and Management

1. Select the correct word from the following list and fill in the blanks:

(a) Crop

(b) Preparation

(c) Float

(d) Water, nutrients

2. Match items in column A with those in column B.

(i) e

(ii) d

(iii) b

(iv) c

3.(a) Kharif crops: Maize, Groundnut.

(b) Rabi crops: Mustard, Wheat.

4. (a) Preparation of soil is the first step for growing a crop.

• It involves three stages like ploughing, levelling and manuring

• The process of loosening and turning the soil is called ploughing or tilling. It helps the roots of the plants to breathe easily.

• Ploughing can be done manually using plough or hoe and also using a machine called cultivator.

• After ploughing, the field is levelled with the help of a leveller.

• Morever, manuring is done to increase the fertility of the soil before seeds are sown in the field.

(b) Once the soil in the fields has been prepared by ploughing levelling and manuring, the seeds of the crop can be now sown in it. Sowing is the process of placing the seeds in the ground soil for future growth of crop plants. Sowing is done manually or by using a seed drill machine.

(c) Weeding is the removal of undesirable plants grown in the field. Removal of weeds is done manually by pulling them out with hand or using a trowel (khurpi) and harrow. Weedicides like

2-4-D, Benthicarb are used to destroy weeds.

(d) Threshing: After harvesting, the process of separating the green seeds from the chaff is called threshing. It can be done manually or using a machine called ‘combine’ where threshing and harvesting are carried out together.

5.

• Fertilizers are commercially available plant nutrients which are generally in organic in nature they are specific in action and can be added according to plant requirement. Sodium nitrates, urea, ammonium phosphates, NPK, potash are the most commonly used chemical fertilizers.

• In comparison to fertilizer, manure is prepared by the decomposition to fertilizer, manure is prepared by the decomposition of plant and animal waste and hence it is organic in nature. It enriches the soil by adding humus to it, and increases it water retention capacity.

6. The process of supplying water to crops in the fields is called irrigation. The two methods of irrigation which conserve water are drip and sprinkle irrigation system.

• Sprinkler system: In this method, water is supplied using pipes to one or more central locations within the field. When water is allowed to flow under high pressure with the help of pump, it get sprinkled on the crops.

• Drip system: In this method, water is delivered at or near the roots of the plant drop by drop. Water is passed through plastic pipes that have holes in it. These plastic pipes are then laid along the rows of crop. This is the most efficient method of irrigation as there is no wastage of water at all.

7. If wheat is sown in kharif season, then the whole plant crop will get destroyed. This could be because of factors such as lack of optimum temperature, adaptability, availability of pests and many more. Hence, rabi crops such as wheat, should be sown only in winter season.

8. The continuous plantation of crops in a field makes the soil poor in certain nutrients such as nitrogen, phosphorus potassium etc. which are essential for plant growth and development. As a result, the soil fertility decreases and hence the crop yield.

9. The undesirable plants that grow along with crop are called weeds. They compete with the crop for water, nutrient space and light. Example- Grass, Xanthium, Parthenium.

The process of removing weeds from the cultivated field is called weeding. This can be removed manually by uprooting them or using a trowel (khurpi) and harrow. Crop rotation can be done to reduce the growth of weeds. Weedicides like 2-4-D, Benthicarb are sprayed to destroy the weeds chemically.

10. The correct sequence of steps undertaken in forming are:

(1) Soil preparation

(2) Sowing of seeds

(3) Adding manures and fertilizers

(4) Irrigation

(5) Protection from weeds

(6) Harvesting of crops

(7) Storage of grains