Introduction
Thermodynamics of Class 11
The word ‘thermodynamics’ implies the flow of heat. It deals with energy changes accompanying all types of physical and chemical processes.
It helps to lay down the criteria for predicting the feasibility or spontaneity of a process, including a chemical reaction, under a given set of conditions. It also helps to determine the extent to which a process, including a chemical reaction, can proceed before the attainment of equilibrium.
Thermodynamics is based on two generalizations called the first and second laws of thermodynamics. These are based on human experience.
- Introduction
- Some Basic Terms
- Isochoric Process
- Internal Energy, U
- Mathematical Expression Of First Law
- Enthalpy Of A System
- Second Law Of Thermodynamics
- Gibbs Free Energy
- Relationship Between Free Energy And Equilibrium Constant
- Third Law Of Thermodynamics
- Thermochemistry
- Hess's Law
- Lattice Energy Of An Ionic Crystal (Born–Haber Cycle)
- Bomb Calorimeter
- Heat Capacity And Specific Heat
- Variation Of Heat Of Reaction With Temperature
- Exercise 1
- Exercise 2
