FACTS ABOUT STATISTICS

FACTS ABOUT STATISTICS

Statistics - a set of concepts, rules, and procedures that help us to:

• Organize numerical information in the form of tables, graphs, and charts;
• Understand statistical techniques underlying decisions that affect our lives and well-being; and Make informed decisions.

• Data - facts, observations, and information that come from investigations.
• Measurement data sometimes called quantitative data -- the result of using some instrument to measure something (e.g., test score, weight);
• Categorical data also referred to as frequency or qualitative data.  Things are grouped according to some common property(ies) and the number of members of the group are recorded (e.g., males/females, vehicle type).
• Variable - property of an object or event that can take on different values.  For example, college major is a variable that takes on values like mathematics, computer science, English, psychology, etc.
• Discrete Variable - a variable with a limited number of values (e.g., gender (male/female), college class (freshman/sophomore/junior/senior).
• Continuous Variable - a variable that can take on many different values, in theory, any value between the lowest and highest points on the measurement scale.
• Independent Variable - a variable that is manipulated, measured, or selected by the researcher as an antecedent condition to an observed behavior.  In a hypothesized cause-and-effect relationship, the independent variable is the cause and the dependent variable is the outcome or effect.
• Dependent Variable - a variable that is not under the experimenter's control -- the data.  It is the variable that is observed and measured in response to the independent variable.
• Qualitative Variable - a variable based on categorical data.
• Quantitative Variable - a variable based on quantitative data.

RAW DATA/UNGROUPED DATA:

The data obtained in the original form is called raw/ ungrouped data.

For e.g. 

(i) Grades of 20 students in an examination as 

A,A, D,C, A,D, G,E,E,F, H,G,H,E, C,D,H, F,E,A.

(ii) Marks of 10 students in maths exam as

73, 36, 60, 25, 42, 75, 78, 62.

RANGE:

The difference between the maximum value and the minimum value of the variable is known as range.

For e.g. Range of 5, 11, 17, 8, 4, 19 is (19 – 4) = 15.

FREQUENCY: 

The count of tally marks or the number of observations in a particular class is its frequency.

CBSE NCERT Solutions for Class 8 Maths

class 8 maths NCERT solutions Chapter 1: Rational Numbers

class 8 maths NCERT solutions  Chapter 2: Linear Equations in One Variable

class 8 maths NCERT solutions  Chapter 3: Understanding Quadrilaterals

class 8 maths NCERT solutions Chapter 4: Practical Geometry

class 8 maths NCERT solutions  Chapter 5: Data Handling

class 8 maths NCERT solutions  Chapter 6: Square and Square Roots

class 8 maths NCERT solutions  Chapter 7: Cube and Cube Roots

class 8 maths NCERT solutions  Chapter 8: Comparing Quantities

NCERT Class 8 Maths solution Chapter 9: Algebraic Expressions and Identities

class 8 maths NCERT solutions  Chapter 10: Visualizing Solid Shapes

class 8 maths NCERT solutions Chapter 11: Mensuration

class 8 maths NCERT solutions  Chapter 12: Exponents and Powers

class 8 maths NCERT solutions  Chapter 13: Direct and Inverse Proportions

class 8 maths NCERT solutions  Chapter 14: Factorization

class 8 maths NCERT solutions  Chapter 15: Introduction to Graphs

class 8 maths NCERT solutions  Chapter 16: Playing with Numbers

Notes,worksheet and solved question for Maths class 8 

1.  class 8 maths notes on chapter Liner equation in one variable
2. class 8 maths notes on chapter algebric expression 
3. class 8 maths notes on chapter Mensuration 
4. class 8 maths notes on chapter Square and square roots 
5. class 8 maths notes on chapter statistice
6. class 8 maths notes on chapter practical Geometry
7. class 8 maths notes on chapter commericial maths
8. class 8 maths notes on chapter solid shape
9. class 8 maths notes on chapter quadrilaterals
10. class 8 maths notes on chapter exponents
11. class 8 maths notes on chapter factorisation 
12. class 8 maths notes on chapter inverse proporation 
13. class 8 maths notes on chapter cube and cube roots 

Check your marks in a chapter which you have complited in school from Physics Wallah chapter wise online test just click on the link given below

chapter wise online test for class 8 maths